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· Subject: FAQ: Artificial Intelligence Questions & Answers 1/4 [Monthly
post
Archive-name: ai-faq/part1 Last-Modified: Fri Mar 12 12:36:34 1993 by Mark
Kantrowitz Version: 1.4
;;; **************************************************************** ;;;
Answers to Questions about Artificial Intelligence ************* ;;;
**************************************************************** ;;;
Written by Mark Kantrowitz ;;; ai-faq-1.text -- 47389 bytes
If you think of questions that are appropriate for this FAQ, or would like
to improve an answer, please send email to mkant+ai-faq@cs.cmu.edu.
*** Topics Covered:
Part 1: [1-0] What is the purpose of this newsgroup? [1-1] AI-related
Associations and Journals [1-4] What are the rules for the game of
"Life"? [1-5] What AI competitions exist? [1-8] Commercial AI products.
[1-9] Glossary of AI terms. [1-10] What are the top schools in AI?
[1-11] How can I get the email address for Joe or Jill Researcher?
Part 2 (AI-related Newsgroups and Mailing Lists): List of all known
AI-related newsgroups, mailing lists, and electronic bulletin board
systems.
Part 3 (Bibliography): Bibliography of introductory texts, overviews and
references Addresses and phone numbers for major AI publishers
Part 4 (FTP Resources): [4-0] General Information about FTP Resources for
AI [4-1] FTP Repositories [4-2] FTP and Other Resources [4-3] AI
Bibliographies available by FTP [4-4] AI Technical Reports available by
FTP [4-5] Where can I get a machine readable dictionary, thesaurus, and
other text corpora? [4-6] List of Smalltalk implementations.
Search for [#] to get to question number # quickly.
*** Recent changes:
;;; 3-FEB-93 mk New mailing list, robot-boards@oberon.com. ;;;
3-FEB-93 mk Added SCS and GASSY to 3-2, Genetic Algorithms, ;;;
and VFSR to Simulated Annealing. ;;; 5-FEB-93 mk Added FuzzyNet
(Aptronix) email server to 3-1. ;;; 25-FEB-93 mk Added YAPS entry to
commercial products section. ;;; 10-MAR-93 mk Added entry on new GA
journal, Evolutionary Computing. ;;; 11-MAR-93 mk Added Gordon Bell
competition. 3 new cognitive ;;; science/psychology mailing
lists. ;;; 12-MAR-93 mk Part 1 was too big, so split out mailing lists
and bboards ;;; into their own part, and renumbered all the
parts. ;;; 12-MAR-93 mk Added Simderella entry to part 4.
*** Introduction:
Certain questions and topics come up frequently in the various network
discussion groups devoted to and related to Artificial Intelligence (AI).
This file/article is an attempt to gather these questions and their answers
into a convenient reference for AI researchers. It is posted on a monthly
basis. The hope is that this will cut down on the user time and network
bandwidth used to post, read and respond to the same questions over and
over, as well as providing education by answering questions some readers
may not even have thought to ask.
The latest version of this file is available via anonymous FTP from CMU:
To obtain the file from CMU, connect by anonymous ftp to any CMU CS
machine (e.g., ftp.cs.cmu.edu [128.2.206.173]), using username
"anonymous" and password "name@host". The files ai-faq-1.text,
ai-faq-2.text, ai-faq-3.text, and ai-faq-4.text are located in the
directory /afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mkant/Public/AI/ [Note: You must cd to
this directory in one atomic operation, as some of the superior
directories on the path are protected from access by anonymous ftp.] If
your site runs the Andrew File System, you can just cp the file directly
without bothering with FTP.
The FAQ postings are also archived in the periodic posting archive on
rtfm.mit.edu [18.172.1.27]. Look in the anonymous ftp directory
/pub/usenet/news.answers/ in the subdirectory ai-faq/. If you do not have
anonymous ftp access, you can access the archive by mail server as well.
Send an E-mail message to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with "help" and "index"
in the body on separate lines for more information.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1-0] What is the purpose of this newsgroup?
The newsgroup comp.ai exists for general discussion of topics related to
Artificial Intelligence. For example, possible topics can include (but are
not necessarily limited to): announcements of AI books and products
discussion of AI programs and tools questions about AI techniques problems
implementing an AI technique Postings should be of general interest to the
AI community. See also part 2 of the FAQ for a list of other more
specialized discussion lists.
We've tried to minimize the overlap with the FAQ postings to the
comp.lang.lisp, comp.lang.prolog and comp.ai.neural-nets newsgroups, so if
you don't find what you're looking for here, we suggest you try the FAQs
for those newsgroups. These FAQs should be available by anonymous ftp from
rtfm.mit.edu (18.172.1.27) in subdirectories of /pub/usenet/ or by sending
a mail message to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with subject "help".
The Lisp FAQ is also available by anonymous ftp from the same ftp location
as the AI FAQ and from ftp.think.com:/public/think/lisp/.
Information about Prolog may be obtained from two sources: The Prolog FAQ,
which is posted twice a month to the newsgroup comp.lang.prolog by Jamie
Andrews <jamie@cs.sfu.ca>, and the Prolog Resource Guide, which is posted
to the newsgroup comp.lang.prolog once a month, and is available by
anonymous ftp from ftp.cs.cmu.edu [128.2.206.173] as the file
/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mkant/Public/AI/prolog-resource-guide.txt.
The Robotics FAQ is available by anonymous ftp from ftp.cs.cmu.edu
[128.2.206.173] in the directory /user/nivek/robotics-faq as the files
part1 and part2. To obtain a copy by email, send a message to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu containing the following lines: send
usenet/news.answers/robotics-faq/part1 send
usenet/news.answers/robotics-faq/part2 On UUCP, it is available at
uunet!/archive/usenet/news.answers/robotics-faq/ as the files part1.Z and
part2.Z (or by ftp from ftp.uu.net [137.39.1.9] in
/archive/usenet/news.answers/robotics-faq/).
Information about object-oriented programming can be obtained in the
newsgroups comp.object, comp.lang.clos, and comp.lang.smalltalk.
Information about object-oriented databases can be obtained in the survey
compiled by Stewart Clamen, which may be found either in the comp.object
FAQ posting or in byron.sp.cs.cmu.edu:clamen/evolution-summary
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1-1] AI-related Associations and Journals
Associations:
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AAAI) AAAI, 445
Burgess Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025. @DATAPHONE@ 415-328-3123,
info@aaai.org, membership@aaai.org Membership includes AI Magazine: $40
regular, $20 student (US/Canadian) $65 regular, $45 student (Foreign)
AAAI has several special interest groups (SIGs), including one on
manufacturing and one on medicine.
ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY (ACM) ACM, 1515 Broadway, New York,
NY 10036. Member Services, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036.
212-869-7440. Fax 212-944-1318. Email: acmhelp@acmvm.bitnet. $75
regular, $22 student (includes Communications of the ACM) $15 ($8
students) extra for SIGART membership (gets Sigart Bulletin) $12 ($7
students) extra for Lisp Pointers. $15 ($10 students) extra for
Computing Surveys $34 ($29 students) extra for Computing Reviews
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERS (IAKE) IAKE, 11820
Parklawn Drive, Suite 302, Rockville, MD 20852. 301-231-7826 $65
regular, $30 students.
ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS (ACL) Natural language
processing research and applications. Members receive a free copy of the
journal Computational Linguistics, ISSN 0891-2017. Regular membership
$25 ($15 students), $10 extra for first class/air postage in North
America, $20 elsewhere. For more information write to Dr. Donald E.
Walker (ACL), Bellcore, MRE 2A379, 445 South Street, Box 1910,
Morristown, NJ 07960-1910, USA, call 201-829-4312 or send email to
walker@flash.bellcore.com. Institutions must subscribe to the journal
through MIT Press Journals, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142,
616-253-2889.
INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS (IEEE) IEEE Service
Center, 445 Hoes Lane, PO Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855.
1-800-678-IEEE, 201-981-0060 IEEE membership is $95 regular ($23
students) For membership in the IEEE Computer Society, add $22. $20 for
IEEE Expert (Intelligent Systems and their Applications) $12 for
Transactions on Neural Networks $12 for Transactions on Systems, Man and
Cybernetics $15 for Transactions on Robotics and Automation $19 for
Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
$24 for Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF APPLIED INTELLIGENCE (ISAI) Membership includes
a journal subscription. To apply contact forsyth@fencer.cis.dsto.gov.au.
Working groups include CIM -- Learning in Intelligent Manufacturing
Systems, Automatic Failure Diagnostics, Production Management, Finance,
Building Architecture, Scheduling and Planning.
COGNITIVE SCIENCE SOCIETY Membership: $50 individuals, $25 student. Add
$15 overseas postage. Members receive a copy of the journal Cognitive
Science without additional charge. Write to Alan Lesgold,
Secretary/Treasurer, Cognitive Science Society, LRDC, University of
Pittsburgh, 3939 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, fax
1-412-624-9149, email al+@pitt.edu.
INTERNATIONAL FUZZY SYSTEMS ASSOCIATION (IFSA) Membership $180, includes
a subscription to the International Journal of Fuzzy Sets and Systems,
ISSN 0165-0114. Write to Prof. Philippe Smets, University of Brussels,
IRIDIA, 50 av. F. Roosevelt, CP 194/6, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
SOCIETY FOR MACHINES AND MENTALITY James H. Moor, Treasurer, Society for
Machines and Mentality, Department of Philosophy, Dartmouth College,
6035 Thornton Hall, Hanover, NH 03755-3592 U.S.A. 603-646-2155. Email:
James.H.Moor@Dartmouth.edu $5 Membership only $50 Membership with
subscription to _Minds and Machines_
CSCSI (Canadian AI Society) c/o CIPS, 430 King Street West, Suite 205,
Toronto, Ontario M5V 1L5 416-593-4040
JSAI (Japanese Association for Artificial Intelligence) OS Bldg. Suite
#402 4-7 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162 Japan Phone:
+81-3-5261-3401 Telfax: +81-3-5261-3402
INNS (International Neural Network Society) Membership is $55/year for
non-students and $45/year for students, and includes a subscription to
"Neural Networks", the official journal of the society. INNS Membership,
P.O. Box 491166, Ft. Washington, MD 20749
ISSNNets (International Student Society for Neural Networks) Membership
is $5 per year. ISSNNet, Inc., P.O. Box 15661, Boston, MA 02215 See also
comp.org.issnnet.
JNNS (Japanese Neural Network Society) Department of Engineering,
Tamagawa University, 6-1-1, Tamagawa Gakuen, Machida City, Tokyo, 194
JAPAN Phone: +81 427 28 3457 Fax: +81 427 28 3597
AIIA (Artificial Intelligence Italian Association) c/o Fondazione Ugo
Borboni, Roma - Italy Contact: Oliviero Stock <stock@irst.it> Tel: +39 6
54803428 Fax: +39 6 54804405
Newsletters:
The Computists' Communique is a weekly online newsletter for AI/IS/CS
scientists. It covers research and funding news; career, consulting,
and entrepreneurial issues; AI-related job postings and journal calls;
FTPable & other resource leads; market trends; analysis and discussion.
The Communique serves members of Computists International, a
professional mutual-aid society. Membership in Computists International
runs $135 for new professional members, $55 for students and the
unemployed. There is a 25% discount for Canada, Western Europe, the UK,
Japan, and Australia; other countries and territories outside the U.S.
get a 50% discount. For more information, contact Dr. Kenneth I. Laws
(laws@ai.sri.com), 415-493-7390, 4064 Sutherland Drive, Palo Alto, CA
94303.
Note: Some Journals are listed with the publishing organization above.
Journals -- General:
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE Published 4 times annually. ISSN
0824-7935 Basil Blackwell Publishers, Journal Subscription Department, 3
Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, MA 02142 or call 1-800-835-6770. Blackwell
Publishers, 108 Cowley Road, Oxford, OX4 1JF, England. Individual
subscriptions are $85 in North America and $100 in the rest of the
world. Institutional subscriptions are $175 and $190, respectively. A
reduced rate of $40 is available to members of the Canadian Information
Processing Society.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE REVIEW (Survey and Tutorial Journal) Kluwer
Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, 617-871-6600,
fax 617-871-6528. PO Box 358, Accord Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358.
Email: kluwer@world.std.com The institutional subscription rate is $130
per volume (4 issues).
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Published 18 times annually. ISSN 0004-3702. $80
individuals (must be a member of one of the major AI societies). To
order in the US, write to AAAI, AI Journal, 445 Burgess Drive, Menlo
Park, CA 94025-3496, or to Elsevier Science Publishing, 655 Avenue of
the Americas, New York, NY 10017, 212-633-3827. Outside the US, contact
Elsevier Science Publishers, Attn: Ursula van Dijk, PO Box 103, 1000 AC
Amsterdam, The Netherlands, or call +31-20-5862-608.
COGNITIVE SCIENCE Ablex Publishing Company, 355 Chestnut Street,
Norwood, NJ 07648 201-767-8450, fax 201-767-6717 $50 individual, $125
institution.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (JETAI)
Annual subscription, 1992/3, $163; personal subscription, $82. To order
in the US, write to Taylor and Francis, Inc., 1900 Frost Road, Suite
101, Bristol, PA 19007-1598. Or contact the home office: Taylor and
Francis Ltd, Rankine Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK RG24 0PR (0256)
840366. ISSN 0952-813X
SPANG ROBINSON REPORT ON INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS Published monthly. ISSN
0885-9957. Subscriptions: $405 US & Canada, $455 elsewhere. John Wiley
and Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, 212-850-6347,
fax 212-850-6088.
MINDS AND MACHINES Journal for Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, and
Cognitive Science ISSN 0924-6495 Subscription information and sample
copies available from: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, P.O. Box 322,
3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands. In the US, write to Kluwer Academic
Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061.
COMPUTERS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLGIENCE I. Plander (ed.) VEDA Publishing
House of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemenosova 19, 814 30
Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. Published bimonthly, order from: Lange &
Springer GmbH, Foller Str.2, P.O.B. 10 16 10, 5000 Koln 1, Germany.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AI TOOLS World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc.
1060 Main Street, River Edge, NJ 07661 Tel: 1-800-227-7562
Organizations -- Robotics Related:
For a list of organizations that are robotics related, see the FAQ
posting for comp.robotics, maintained by Kevin Dowling
<nivek@cs.cmu.edu>.
Journals -- Applied AI:
APPLIED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Published 4 times annually. ISSN
0883-9514 Subscriptions: Institutions $176; Individuals $84. Hemisphere
Publishing Corp., 1900 Frost Rd., Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007
215-785-5800, fax 215-785-5515. (in the UK, write to Taylor & Francis
Ltd., Rankine Rd., Baskingstoke, Hampshire RG24 0PR, UK, call
+44-256-840366, or fax +44-256-479438)
APPLIED INTELLIGENCE The International Journal of Artificial
Intelligence, Neural Networks, and Complex Problem-Solving Technologies
Subscriptions: Institutions $217; Individuals $75. Editor in Chief: Dr.
Moonis Ali, Professor of Computer Science, The University of Tennessee
Space Institute, Tullahoma, TN 37388 Publisher: Kluwer Academic
Publishers, P.O. Box 358, Accord Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358,
<kluwer@world.std.com>.
Journals -- Automated Reasoning:
JOURNAL OF AUTOMATED REASONING Published 6 times annually. ISSN
0168-7433 Subscriptions: Individuals $131; Institutions $263; AAR
members $65. Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht,
The Netherlands, or Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 358, Accord
Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358.
Journals -- Engineering:
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Published 6 times
annually. Subscriptions: Institutions (1992) 235.00 or approx
US$425.00; two year institutional rate (1992/93) 446.50 or approx
US$807.50.
North America: Pergamon Press Inc., 660 White Plains Road, Tarrytown, NY
10591-55153, USA. Rest of the World: Pergamon Press Ltd, Headington Hill
Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, England. Tel: Oxford (0865)794141
Journals -- Expert Systems:
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS Published 4 times annually. ISSN
0957-4174. Subscriptions: Institutions L85 ($155), Individuals L45
($72). Pergamon Press Inc., 660 White Plains Road, Tarrytown, NY
10591-5153, email PPI@pergamon.com, or Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington
Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, England.
EXPERT SYSTEMS: THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING
Published 4 times annually. ISSN 0266-4720. Subscriptions: L85 ($110)
Learned Information Ltd., Woodside, Hinksey Hill, Oxford OX1 5AU, UK.
Tel: +44 (0)865-730275 Fax: +44 (0)085-736354
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERT SYSTEMS Published 4 times annually. ISSN
0894-9077. Subscriptions: Institutions $135; Individuals $75. Outside
the US add $10 for surface mail and $20 for airmail. JAI Press Inc., 55
Old Post Road -- No. 2, PO Box 1678, Greenwich, CT 06836-1678.
Journals -- Genetic Algorithms:
EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION Published 4 times annually, beginning April/May
1993. 100 pages per issue, 7x10. ISSN 1063-6550 Editor-in-chief: Kenneth
De Jong Subscription Rates: Individuals $45 ($63.13 Canada, $59
elsewhere), Institutions $120.00 ($143.38 Canada, $134.00 elsewhere),
and Students/Retired $30.00 ($47.08 Canada, $44.00 elsewhere). MIT Press
Journals, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1399, 617-253-2889, fax
617-258-6779, E-mail hiscox@mitvma.mit.edu.
Journals -- Machine Learning:
MACHINE LEARNING Published 8 times annually. ISSN 0885-6125
Subscriptions: Institutions $301; Individuals $140. (AAAI Individual
Members $88) Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht,
The Netherlands, or Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 358, Accord
Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358.
Journals -- NLP/Speech/MT:
COMPUTER SPEECH AND LANGUAGE Published 4 times annually. ISSN 0885-2308.
Subscriptions: Institutions $136, Individuals $58. Academic Press Ltd.,
24-28 Oval Road, London NW1, England.
MACHINE TRANSLATION Published 4 times annually. ISSN 0922-6567.
Subscriptions: Institutions $141 plus $16 postage; Individuals $55
(members of ACL $46). Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 322, 3300 AH
Dordrecht, The Netherlands, or Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 358,
Accord Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358.
Journals -- Neural Nets/Connectionism:
CONNECTION SCIENCE Published 4 times annually. ISSN 0954-0091.
Subscriptions: Individual $82, Institution $184, Institution (UK) 74
pounds Carfax Publishing Company, PO Box 25, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14
3UE, UK.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEURAL NETWORKS RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS
Published quarterly. ISSN 0954-9889. Learned Information Ltd., Woodside,
Hinksey Hill, Oxford OX1 5AU, UK. Tel: +44 (0)865-730275 Fax: +44
(0)085-736354
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEURAL SYSTEMS Published quarterly. ISSN
0129-0657 Subscriptions: Individual $42, Institution $88 (plus $9-$17
for postage) USA: World Scientific Publishing Co., 687 Hartwell Street,
Teaneck, NJ 07666, 201-837-8858; Eurpoe: World Scientific Publishing Co.
Pte. Ltd., 73 Lynton Mead, Totteridge, London N20-8DH, England, (01)
4462461; Other: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Farrer Road,
P.O. Box 128, Singapore 9128, 2786188.
NEURAL COMPUTING AND APPLICATIONS Published quarterly. Official journal
of the Neural Computing Applications Forum. Subscriptions: #120 per
annum. (Free to NCAF members.) Springer Verlag, Service Center Secaucus,
44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094 Tel: 201-348-4033 Springer-Verlag,
Springer House, 8 Alexandra Road, LONDON SW19 7JZ Tel: ..44/0 81 947
1280 Fax: 0 81 947 1274 Spqringer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, D-1000
BERLIN, Germany Tel: (0)30 8207-1
NEURAL COMPUTATION Published quarterly since 1989. ISSN 0899-7667. MIT
Press Journals, 55 Hayward Street Cambridge, MA 02142-9949, 617-253-2889
Subscriptions: Individual $45, Institution $90, Students $35. Add $9 for
foreign subscriptions.
NEURAL NETWORKS Published 6 times annually. ISSN 0893-6080. Official
journal of the International Neural Network Society. Subscriptions: $380
Pergamon Press, Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, UK. Pergamon
Press, Inc., 660 White Plains Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591-5153.
Journals -- Pattern Recognition:
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PATTERN RECOGNITION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Annual subscription, 1992/3, $340; individual subscription, $138. Add
$34 for airmail. Published 5 times a year by World Scientific Publishing
Co. Pte. Ltd., Farrer Road, PO Box 128, Singapore 9128. (In the US,
write to World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., River Edge, NJ 07661; in
Europe to World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., Totteridge, London N20
8DH, England.)
PATTERN RECOGNITION Journal of the Pattern Recognition Society. Members
receive the journal free of charge as part of their membership in the
Society. Institutions may subscribe for $845. Pergamon Press, Ltd.,
Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, UK. Pergamon Press, Inc., 660
White Plains Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591-5153.
PATTERN RECOGNITION LETTERS Published 12 times annually. ISSN 0167-8655.
Official publication of the International Association for Pattern
Recognition. Subscriptions: $462 Institutions. Elsevier Science
Publishing, 655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10017,
212-633-3827. Outside the US, contact Elsevier Science Publishers, Attn:
Ursula van Dijk, PO Box 103, 1000 AC Amsterdam, The Netherlands, or call
+31-20-5862-608.
Journals -- Robotics:
INDUSTRIAL ROBOT ISSN 0143-991X Published quarterly. $145/year MCB
University Press Limited, 62 Toller Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire,
England BD8 9BY, (44) 274-499821, fax (44) 274-547143. In the US, write
to MCB University Press Limited, PO Box 10812, Birmingham, AL
35201-0812, 1-800-633-4931 (1-205-995-1567), fax 1-205-995-1588.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION Published 4 times
annually. ISSN 0826-8185 Subscriptions: $165 US or 313.50 SFr. ($12 US
or 22.80 SFr postage and handling). A special rate is available to
members of IASTED. Write to ACTA Press, PO Box 354, CH-8053, Zurich,
Switzerland or ACTA Press, PO Box 2481, Anaheim, CA 92814. IASTED is the
International Association of Science and Technology for Development.
Individual memberships are $60 US or $120 SFr and corporate memberships
$100 US or $200.00 SFr. Members receive a complimentary subscription to
the journal of their choice; the annual cost of additional journals for
members is $20US/$40SFr per journal. Write to IASTED, PO Box 25, Station
G, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T3A 2G1, or IASTED, PO Box 354, CH-8053,
Zurich, Switzerland.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH MIT Press, 28 Carleton
Street, Cambridge, MA 02142 Subscriptions: $50/year to individuals
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS Three issues per volume, $58.50
per volume (individual) Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, PO Box 322,
3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands. In the US write to Kluwer Academic
Publishers, PO Box 358, Accord Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358.
ROBOTICS TODAY Society of Manufacturing Engineers, One SME Drive, PO Box
930, Dearborn, MI 48121. 313-271-1500
ROBOTICS WORLD Published quarterly. Communication Channels, 6255
Barfield Road, Atlanta, GA 30328 404-256-9800 A magazine of flexible
automation for the end-user. They also publish the Robotics World
Directory for $49.95
ROBOT (Japanese) Industrial Robots and Application Systems Published
bimonthly. Japan Industrial Robot Association (JIRA) Kikai-Shinko
Building, 3-5-8, Shiba-Kohen, Mina To-ku, Tokyo, Japan Tokyo (03)
3434-2919, fax (03) 3578-1404
ROBOTICA International Journal of Information, Education and Research
in Robotics and Artificial Intelligence. Published quarterly, US
$179/year. Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building,
Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK. In the US write to Cambridge
University Press, Journals Department, 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY
10011-4211.
Journals -- User Modeling:
USER MODELING AND USER-ADAPTED INTERACTION 4 issues per annum, ISSN
0924-1868, $153.50 p.a. ($50 for individuals) Kluwer Academic Publishers
Group, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Journals -- Virtual Reality:
PRESENCE Subscriptions: $50 individual, $120 institutions, $40
students/retired (higher rates for Canada and overseas) MIT Press
Journals 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1399 617-253-2889, fax
617-258-6779 hiscox@mitvma.mit.edu
Journals -- Vision:
MACHINE VISION AND APPLICATIONS Published 4 times annually. ISSN
0932-8092. Subscriptions: Institutions $106 (plus $11 p&h); Individuals
$54 (incl p&h). Springer-Verlag New York Inc., Journal Fulfillment
Services, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094, 1-800-SPRINGER.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION Published 6 times annually.
ISSN 0920-5691. Subscriptions: Institutions $229; Individuals $115. Add
$8 for airmail. Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 322, 3300 AH
Dordrecht, The Netherlands, or Kluwer Academic Publishers, PO Box 358,
Accord Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358.
Other Journals and Magzines: If you have the subscription information for
the following, please send a message with that information to
mkant+ai-faq@cs.cmu.edu.
Journals:
Behavioral and Brain Sciences Brain and Cognition Brain and Language
Cognition Cognition and Brain Theory Cognitive Psychology Computer
Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing Human Intelligence IEEE
Transactions on Fuzzy Sets and Systems ? International Journal of
Man-Machine Studies Journal of the Association for the Study of
Perception Journal of Intelligent Systems Journal of Intelligent &
Robotic Systems Journal of Logic Programming Journal of Symbolic
Computing New Generation Computing (logic programming) Speech Technology
Magazines:
AISB Newsletter Annual Review in Automatic Programming Artificial
Intelligence Report IEEE Control Systems Magazine (often has articles
about NNs and fuzzy systems) Robotics Age
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1-4] What are the rules for the game of "Life"?
Cellular Automata, of which Life is an example, were suggested by Stanislaw
Ulam in the 1940s, and first formalized by von Neumann. Conway's "Game of
Life" was popularized in Martin Gardner's mathematical games column in the
October 1970 and February 1971 issues of Scientific American. (Shorter
notes on life are alse given in the column in each month from October 1970
to April 1971, and well as November 1971, January 1972, and December 1972.)
There's also quite a bit on the game in "The Recursive Universe", by
William Poundstone, Oxford University Press, 1987, 252 pages.
The rules for the game of life are quite simple. The game board is a
rectangular cell array, with each cell either empty or filled. At each tick
of the clock, we generate the next generation by the following rules:
if a cell is empty, fill it if 3 of its neighbors are filled
(otherwise leave it empty)
if a cell is filled, it dies of loneliness if it has 1 or fewer
neighbors continues to live if it has 2 or 3 neighbors dies
of overcrowding if it has more than 3 neighbors
Neighbors include the cells on the diagonals. Some implementations use a
torus-based array (edges joined top-to-bottom and left-to-right) for
computing neighbors.
For example, a row of 3 filled cells will become a column of 3 filled cells
in the next generation. The R pentomino is an interesting pattern: xx xx x
Try it with other patterns of 5 cells initially occupied. If you record the
ages of cells, and map the ages to colors, you can get a variety of
beautiful images.
When implementing Life, be sure to maintain separate arrays for the old and
new generation. Updating the array in place will not work correctly.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1-5] What AI competitions exist?
The Loebner Prize, based on a fund of over $100,000 established by New York
businessman Hugh G. Loebner, is awarded annually for the computer program
that best emulates natural human behavior. During the contest, a panel of
independent judges attempts to determine whether the responses on a
computer terminal are being produced by a computer or a person, along the
lines of the Turing Test. The designers of the best program each year win a
cash award and a medal. If a program passes the test in all its
particulars, then the entire fund will be paid to the program's designer
and the fund abolished. For further information about the Loebner Prize,
write Dr. Robert Epstein, Executive Director, Cambridge Center for
Behavioral Studies, 11 Waterhouse Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, or call
617-491-9020.
The BEAM Robot Olympics is a robot exhibition/competition started in 1991.
For more information about the competition, write to BEAM Robot Olympics,
c/o: Mark W. Tilden, MFCF, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada,
N2L-3G1, 519-885-1211 x2454, mwtilden@watmath.uwaterloo.ca.
The Gordon Bell Prize competition recognizes outstanding achievements in
the application of parallel processing to practical scientific and
engineering problems. Entries are considered in performance,
price/performance, compiler parallelization and speedup categories, and a
total of $3,000 will be awarded. The prizes are sponsored by Gordon Bell, a
former National Science Foundation division director who is now an
independent consultant. Contestants should send a three- or four-page
executive summary to 1993 Gordon Bell Prize, c/o Marilyn Potes, IEEE
Computer Society, 10662 Los Vaqueros Cir., PO Box 3014, Los Alamitos, CA
90720-1264, before May 31, 1993.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1-8] Commercial AI products.
See the Robotics FAQ for information on Robotics manufacturers.
GBB, generic blackboard framework: provides: -- A high-performance
blackboard database compiler and runtime library, which support
pattern-based, multidimensional range-searching algorithms for efficient
proximity-based retrieval of blackboard objects -- KS representation
languages -- Generic control shells and agenda-management utilities --
Interactive, graphic displays for monitoring and examining blackboard and
control components These components provide the infrastructure needed to
build blackboard-based applications. GBB is available for DOS/Windows,
Mac, Unix workstations (Sun, HP/Apollo, IBM, DEC, Silicon Graphics),
Symbolics and TI Explorer Lisp machines. (GBB is a significantly
enhanced, commercial version of the UMass GBB research framework,
available via FTP as described in FAQ, part 3.) NetGBB, distributed
extension to GBB: provides to GBB the communication and coordination
facilities needed to build heterogenous distributed blackboard
applications. For more information write to Blackboard Technology Group,
Inc., 401 Main Street, Amherst, MA 01002, call 413-256-8990, or fax
413-256-3179. To be added to the mailing lists, send mail to
gbb-user-request@bn.cs.umass.edu. There are two mailing lists, gbb-user
(moderated) and gbb-users (unmoderated).
RAL (Rule-extended Algorithmic Language) is a C-based RETE (OPS83)
implementation that allows one to seamlessly add rules and objects to C
programs. It runs on Apollo, Sony News, AT&T 3B series, Aviion, DecStation,
HP9000, RS/6000, Sun3, Sparc, Pyramid, Stratus, Unix System V 386 machines,
VAX, microVAX (VMS) and DOS. Production Systems Technologies was founded by
Charles Forgy, the original inventor of the RETE algorithm. For further
information, write to Production Systems Technologies, Inc., 5001 Baum
Boulevard, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, call 412-683-4000 or fax 412-683-6347.
Stiquito is a small (3cm H x 7cm W x 6cm L), simple (32 parts) and
inexpensive (< $30) nitinol-propelled hexapod robot developed at the
Indiana University (Bloomington) Robotics Laboratory. Its legs are
propelled by nitnol actuator wires. Each leg has one degree of freedom.
The robot walks up to 10 centimeters per minute and can carry a 9-volt
cell, a MOSIS "tiny chip" and power transistors to drive the nitinol
actuator wires. Nitinol wire (aka BioMetal, Flexinol), is a nickel-titanium
alloy which exerts useful force as it is heated by passing a current
through it. IUCS Technical Report 363a describes Stiquito's construction
and is available by anonymous ftp from cs.indiana.edu:/pub/stiquito
(129.79.254.191) as are many other related files. The tech report is also
available by US mail for $5 (checks or money orders should be made payable
to "Indiana University") from Computer Science Department, Attn: TR 363a
215, Lindley Hall, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405. A kit
containing all the materials needed to construct a simple version of
Stiquito and its controller is available for an extra $10 from the above
address (use attn line "Stiquito Kit"). To receive a video showing the
assembly of Stiquito, include an additional $10 and add "Video" to the
"Attn:" line. Anyone may build and use Stiquitos in any quantity for
educational or research purposes, but Indiana University reserves all
rights to commercial applications. Questions about Stiquito should be sent
to Prof. Jonathan W. Mills <stiquito@cs.indiana.edu>. To join the Stiquito
mailing list run by Jon Blow of UC/Berkeley, send mail to
stiquito-request@xcf.berkeley.edu.
Togai InfraLogic, Inc. (TIL) is a supplier of fuzzy logic and fuzzy expert
system software and hardware. For more information, write to Togai
InfraLogic, Inc., 5 Vanderbilt, Irvine, CA 92718, call +1 714 975 8522, fax
+1 714 975 8524, or send email to info@til.com or til!info. TIL also
supports an email-server that can be reached at fuzzy-server@til.com or
til!fuzzy-server. Send an email message that contains just the word "help"
in either the subject line or the message body for more information. A list
of products can be obtained by sending a message that contains only the
line "send products.txt" to the email-server. For an index of the contents
of the server, send a message with the line "send index".
YAPS is a tool for building expert systems and other programs that use a
rule-based knowledge representation in Lisp. The YAPS library provides a
CLOS class and appropriate methods which the programmer may mix into
his/her own classes or use directly. Rules and facts about an instance are
associated with the instance. Instead of one large knowledgebase with many
rules which are hard to debug and maintain, the programmer creates smaller
knowledge-bases which are modular and more efficient. The YAPS
knowledge-bases can interact with and be controlled by the programmer's
other modules, making hybrid systems straightforward. Introduced by Liz
Allen at AAAI-83, YAPS is now available on Apple Macintosh, Sun3 and Sun4
(SPARC), DEC VAX under VMS and Ultrix, and 88Open platforms. YAPS runs in
most commercial Common Lisps including Allegro CL, Harlequin Lispworks,
Lucid CL, IBUKI CL, and Macintosh Common Lisp. YAPS is also available for
the TI Explorer and Symbolic Lisp Machines, and a Flavors version is
available for Sun3 in Franz Lisp. Other ports are underway -- for price
and availability contact College Park Software at 461 W. Loma Alta Dr.,
Altadena, CA 91001-3841, USA; or by email at info@cps.altadena.ca.us, or
call 818-791-9153 (voice) or 818-791-1755 (FAX).
The following is from Risks Digest 13.83 -- I have no idea what the
software does, but Colby did head up the PARRY project:
FEELING HELPLESS ABOUT DEPRESSION? Overcoming Depression 2.0 provides
computer based cognitive therapy for depression with therapeutic dialogue
in everyday language. Created by Kenneth Mark Colby, M.D., Professor of
Psychiatry and Biobehavioural Sciences, Emeritus, UCLA. Personal Version
($199), Professional version ($499). Malibu Artificial Intelligence
Works, 25307 Malibu Rd, CA 90265. 1-800-497-6889.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1-9] Glossary of AI terms.
This is the start of a simple glossary of short definitions for AI
terminology.
Strong AI: Claim that computers can be made to actually think, just like
human beings do. More precisely, the claim that there exists a
class of computer programs, such that any implementation of such a
program is really thinking.
Weak AI: Claim that computers are important tools in the modeling and
simulation of human activity.
Case-based Reasoning: Technique whereby "cases" similar to the current
problem are retrieved and their "solutions" modified to work on the
current problem.
Nonlinear Planning: A planning paradigm which does not enforce a total
(linear) ordering on the components of a plan.
Admissibility: An admissible search algorithm is one that is guaranteed
to find an optimal path from the start node to a goal node, if one
exists. In A* search, an admissible heuristic is one that never
overestimates the distance remaining from the current node to the
goal.
Fuzzy Logic: In Fuzzy Logic, truth values are real values in the closed
interval [0..1]. The definitions of the boolean operators are
extended to fit this continuous domain. By avoiding discrete
truth-values, Fuzzy Logic avoids some of the problems inherent in
either-or judgments and yields natural interpretations of
utterances like "very hot". Fuzzy Logic has applications in control
theory.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1-10] What are the top schools in AI?
The answer to this question is not intended to be a ranking and should not
be interpreted as such. There are several major problems with ratings like
the Gourman Report and the US News and World Report. Such rankings are
often unsubstantiated and anecdotal, their accuracy is questionable, and
they do not focus on the subfields of an area. When selecting a graduate
school, students should look for schools which not only have excellent
programs in their general area of research but also at least one faculty
member whose research interests mesh well with the student's. Accordingly,
we've broken down this list according to topic, and sorted the schools
within each topic in ALPHABETICAL ORDER.
For a school to be added to a topic area, there should at least two faculty
actively conducting research in that area and the school should have a
"good" reputation in that area. Exceptions are made for schools which only
have one faculty member in the area, but that professor is a "leader" of
the area, or for fields where the total number of people working in the
area is small in the first place. The general idea behind these criteria is
to ensure that a school has enough activity in the area that a student who
considers one of these schools won't be disappointed if one of the faculty
in that area is on sabbatical or isn't taking students.
The best way for students to discover which schools are good in a field is
to ask professors (and graduate students) in their undergraduate school for
suggestions on where to apply. Reading the research journals in the field
is another good method (see question [1-1]).
A list of email addresses for CS departments is posted once a month to the
newsgroup soc.college.gradinfo.
NOTE THAT THIS LIST IS PRELIMINARY AND BY NO MEANS COMPLETE.
Please feel free to suggest schools that are particularly strong in any of
these areas, or to suggest new areas to be listed.
Schools with excellent programs in most fields: Carnegie Mellon University
(CMU) MIT Stanford
Georgia Tech Imperial College Indiana Maryland Rutgers Sussex University
Toronto UCLA Univ. of Edinburgh Univ. of Illinois/Urbana-Champaign
(UIUC) Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst Univ. of Michigan Univ. of
Rochester Univ. of Southern California & USC/Information Sciences
Institute Yale
AI and Medicine: Stanford MIT
AI and Legal Reasoning: Imperial College Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst
Artificial Life: UCLA
Automated Deduction/Theorem Proving: Imperial College Stanford Univ. of
Edinburgh Univ. of Oregon Univ. of Texas/Austin
Case-Based Reasoning: Chicago Georgia Tech Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst
Cognitive Modelling: Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Georgia Tech Indiana
Univ. of Michigan
Connectionism/Neural Networks: Boston University, Cognitive and Neural
Systems Department (ART networks) Brown University CalTech Carnegie
Mellon University (CMU) Indiana MIT Ohio State Univ. Stanford Syracuse
University Toronto UC/Irvine UC/San Diego UCLA UNC/Chapel Hill Univ. of
Colorado/Boulder Univ. of Illinois/Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) Univ. of
Massachusetts/Amherst Univ. of Pennsylvania Univ. of Southern California
& USC/Information Sciences Institute
Decision Theory and AI: Berkeley MIT Stanford Univ. of Michigan Univ. of
Washington
Distributed AI: Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst Univ. of Michigan
Fuzzy Logic: Berkeley
Genetic Algorithms: George Mason Univ. of Illinois/Urbana-Champaign (UIUC)
Univ. of Michigan
Integrated AI Architectures: Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Stanford
Univ. of Michigan
Knowledge Representation: Stanford Univ. of Oregon
Logic Programming and Logic-based AI: Carnegie Mellon University (CMU)
Imperial College Stanford UCLA Univ. of Edinburgh Univ. of Melbourne
Univ. of Illinois/Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) Univ. of Oregon Univ. of
Pennsylvania
Machine Discovery: Carnegie Mellon University (CMU)
Machine Learning: Brown University Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Georgia
Tech Johns Hopkins MIT UCI Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst Univ. of
Michigan Univ. of Southern California & USC/Information Sciences
Institute
Natural Language, Speech: Brown Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Columbia
Georgia Tech ISI Indiana MIT Penn Stanford Toronto UCLA Univ. of
Massachusetts/Amherst Univ. of Rochester Univ. of Southern California &
USC/Information Sciences Institute Waterloo (stylistics, MT, discourse)
Nonmonotonic Reasoning: Imperial College Stanford UCLA Univ. of Oregon
Toronto
Philosophy of AI: MIT Berkeley
Planning: Brown University Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Imperial
College MIT Stanford Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst Univ. of Oregon
Univ. of Rochester Univ. of Washington/Seattle Waterloo
Probabilistic Reasoning: Brown University Oregon State University Stanford
UCLA Univ. of Rochester
Production Systems/Expert Systems: Carnegie Mellon University (CMU)
Stanford
Qualitative Physics and Model Based Reasoning: Northwestern ILS (Forbus)
Univ. of Oregon Univ. of Texas Univ. of Washington
Robotics: Bristol Polytechnic, UK Brown California Institute of Technology
(Caltech) Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Georgia Tech Harvard Hull
University, UK MIT Naval Postgraduate School New York University (NYU)
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences North Carolina State
Univerisity/Raleigh (NCSU) Oxford Purdue Reading University, UK
Rennsalear Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Salford University, UK Stanford
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology UC/Berkeley Univ. of Alberta Univ.
of Kansas Univ. of Kentucky Univ. of Maryland Univ. of
Massachusetts/Amherst Univ. of Michigan Univ. of Paris INRIA Univ. of
Pennsylvania Univ. of Southern California & USC/Information Sciences
Institute Univ. of Utah Univ. of Wisconsin Yale
Search: UCLA Univ. of Oregon
Temporal Reasoning: Imperial College
Virtual Reality: Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Columbia Florida
Institute of Technology MIT Media Lab Naval Postgraduate School UVA
Univ. North Carolina/Chapel Hill (UNC)
Vision: Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Columbia Johns Hopkins
MIT UCLA Univ. of Maryland Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst Univ. of
Rochester Univ. of Southern California & USC/Information Sciences
Institute
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1-11] How can I get the email address for Joe or Jill Researcher?
The AAAI membership directory is updated annually and contains addresses,
phone numbers, and email addresses for many members of AAAI and other AI
societies. Contact info@aaai.org for information on getting a copy of the
directory (you should get a free copy if you are a member of one of the
listed societies).
See also the Email Address FAQ posting to the newsgroups soc.college and
soc.net-people.
The Artificial Intelligence and Molecular Biology Researchers database
contains names, institutions, addresses, phone, fax, email, research
interests and other related information about more than 200 researchers
worldwide. The database is available via anonymous ftp from the host
lhc.nlm.nih.gov in the directory /pub/aimb-db. There are computer- and
human- readable versions available. Get the README file for more
information or send email to Larry Hunter, <hunter@nlm.nih.gov>.
----------------------------------------------------------------
Archive-name: ai-faq/part3 Last-Modified: Fri Mar 12 12:36:47 1993 by Mark
Kantrowitz Version: 1.4
;;; **************************************************************** ;;;
Answers to Questions about Artificial Intelligence ************* ;;;
**************************************************************** ;;;
Written by Mark Kantrowitz ;;; ai-faq-3.text -- 42154 bytes
This part of the AI FAQ provides a bibliography of good introductory texts
and overviews of AI and specific subfields of AI. If you feel that there is
a reference or set of references which should be added to this FAQ, or
references which should be removed, please send email to
mkant+ai-faq@cs.cmu.edu. When suggesting references to be included in a
particular subfield, only suggest the best two or three references (or a
particularly well-written overview). It is NOT the intention of this
listing to be a comprehensive AI bibliography.
Part 3 (Bibliography): Bibliography of introductory texts, overviews and
references Addresses and phone numbers for major AI publishers
Outline: [1] AI in general (Introductions, Overviews) [1a] Major AI
Publishers [2] Search [3] Knowledge Representation [4] Logic [5]
Planning [6] Natural Language Processing (NLP) [7] Connectionism and
Neural Nets [8] Machine Learning [9] Case-Based Reasoning [10] Genetic
Algorithms [11] Production Systems, Expert Systems and Match Algorithms
[12] Integrated AI Architectures [13] Fuzzy Logic [14] Artificial Life
[15] Qualitative Physics and Model Based Reasoning [16] Task-specific
Architectures for Problem Solving [17] Automated Deduction [18]
Probabilistic Reasoning [19] Nonmonotonic Reasoning [20] Robotics and
Computer Vision [21] Distributed AI [22] User/Agent Modeling [23]
Philosophy of AI [24] What is Cyc? [25] Miscellaneous [26] Videotapes
and Magazines
Search for [#] to get to question number # quickly.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1] AI in general (Introductions, Overviews)
Introductory texts:
Elaine Rich & Kevin Knight, "Artificial Intelligence", 2nd edition,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1991. ISBN 0-07-052263-4
Patrick Henry Winston, "Artificial Intelligence", Third Edition,
Addison Wesley, Reading, MA, 1992, ISBN 0-201-53377-4.
Matthew L. Ginsberg, "Essentials of AI", Morgan Kaufmann Publishers,
1993, ISBN 1-55860-221-6.
Overviews and References:
Shapiro, Stuart C. (ed), "Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence", 2nd
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1992. (1st ed, 1987)
Alan Bundy, editor, "Catalogue of Artificial Intelligence Techniques",
3rd Edition, Springer Verlag, 1990, ISBN 0-387-52959-4, 179 pages,
$29.50.
Avron Barr and Edward A. Feigenbaum, "The Handbook of Artificial
Intelligence", volumes 1-4, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1986.
Sundermeyer, K., "Knowledge-Based Systems: Terminology and References",
Wissenschaftverlag, 1991. ISBN 3-411-14941-8
Bonnie Lynn Webber and Nils J. Nilsson, "Readings in Artificial
Intelligence", Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1981.
Glossaries and Dictionaries:
Raoul N. Smith, editor, "The Facts on File Dictionary of Artificial
Intelligence", Facts on File, New York, 1989, 211 pages. ISBN
0-8160-1593-3.
Jerry M. Rosenberg, "Dictionary of Artificial Intelligence and
Robotics", Wiley, New York, 1986, 203 pages.
Ellen Thro, "The Artificial Intelligence Dictionary", Microtrend Books
1991, ISBN 0-915391-36-8.
Older general introductions and overviews:
Nils J. Nilsson, "Principles of Artificial Intelligence", Tioga
Publishing Company, Palo Alto, CA, 1980.
Eugene Charniak and Drew V. McDermott, "Introduction to Artificial
Intelligence", Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1985.
Firebaugh, Morris W., "Artificial Intelligence: A Knowledge-Based
Approach", PWS-Kent, Massachusetts, 1989. ISBN 0-87835-325-9 Emphasis
on the role of knowledge in the design of intelligent systems. Includes
intro to AI programming languages, extensive discussion of expert
systems and robotics, survey of parallel machine architectures, and
identification of bottlenecks in the implementation of useful AI
systems.
Surveys:
Howard E. Shrobe, editor, "Exploring Artificial Intelligence", Morgan
Kaufmann Publishers, San Mateo, CA, 1988. (Survey talks from the AAAI
1986 and 1987 conferences.)
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[1a] Major AI Publishers
Ablex Publishing Corporation 355 Chestnut Street, Norwood, NJ 07648-2090
201-767-8455/8450 Fax 201-767-6717
Academic Press 1250 Sixth Avenue, San Diego, CA 92101 Orders: 800-321-5068
Fax: 619-699-6715
Addison Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. Route 128, 1 Jacob Way, Reading, MA
01867 800-447-2226 (617-944-3700) Fax: 617-944-8243
Benjamin Cummings Publishing Company 2727 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA
94025 415-854-0300 390 Bridge Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065 800-552-2499
Blackwell Scientific Publications, Inc. 3 Cambridge Center, Suite 208,
Cambridge, MA 02142 617-225-0401 Fax: 617-225-0412 Osney Mead, PO Box 88,
Oxford, 0X2 0EL, UK 0865-240201
Cambridge University Press 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10022 Orders:
800-221-4512, 212-924-3900
Columbia University Press 562 West 113th Street, New York, NY 10025
800-944-8648
Computer Science Press, Inc. 41 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010-3546
212-576-9400
Computing Reviews 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036
Cornell University Press Box 250, 124 Roberts Place, Ithica, NY 14851
800-666-2211
Digital Press 12 Crosby Drive, Bedford, MA 01730 617-276-1536
Elsevier Science Publishing 655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10017
212-633-3827/3650 PO Box 211, Amsterdam, 1000 AE, The Netherlands
020-580-3641 Fax: 020-580-3769
Harvard University Press 79 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
617-495-2600/2480
Houghton Miflin Company One Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02142
617-252-3000 One Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02108 800-225-3362
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 212-850-6000
Kluwer Academic Publishers 101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061 617-871-6600
Fax: 617-871-6528. Email: kluwer@world.std.com
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. 365 Broadway, Hillsdale, NJ 07642
800-926-6579, (201-666-4110) Fax: 201-666-2394
Little Brown & Company 34 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02108 617-227-0730 Fax:
617-227-4633
Macmillan Publishing 866 Third Avenue, Third Floor, New York, NY 10022
800-257-5755 (212-702-2000)
McGraw Hill Book Company 1221 Avenue of the Americas, 43rd Floor, New York,
NY 10020 800-442-9685 (212-512-2000)
MIT Press 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 617-253-5642 Orders:
800-356-0343 (617-625-8569) Fax: 617-625-6660
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc. Department E17, 2929 Campus Drive, Suite
260, San Mateo, CA 94403 Orders: 800-745-7323 (415-578-9911) Fax:
415-578-0672 Email: morgan@unix.sri.com Their "Readings in X" series is a
good source of information on various AI topics. (Many of them are listed
below.)
Oxford University Press 200 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 800-451-7556
Pergamon Press 395 Saw Mill River Road, Elmsford, NY 10523 800-257-5755
(914-592-7700)
Prentice Hall Inc. College Division, 440 Sylvan Avenue, Englewood Cliffs,
NJ 07632 201-592-2377 Orders: 800-223-1360 (fax to 800-495-6991) Fax:
201-461-4573 Email: books@prenhall.com
Princeton University Press 41 William Street, Princeton, NJ 08540
800-777-4726
Random House Publishing 201 East 50th Street, New York, NY 10022
212-751-2600
Springer Verlag 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010 800-777-4643
(201-348-4033)
University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI
48106 313-761-4700 Copies of PhD theses off of microfilm.
University of Chicago Press 5801 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637
800-621-2736 (312-702-7700)
Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, Inc. 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003
212-254-3232
W. H. Freeman & Company 41 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010 212-576-9400
Fax: 212-689-2383
W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010
800-233-4830 (212-354-5500)
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[2] Search
[See also the Barr and Feigenbaum's Handbook of AI, chapter 1; Nilsson's
Principles of AI, sections 2.4.1 through 2.4.4 (A*), sections 3.1 and 3.2
(AND/OR trees and AO*); and the Mackworth paper in Readings in Artificial
Intelligence.]
Pearl, J. and Korf, R. E., "Search techniques", Annual Review of
Computer Science, volume 2, J.F. Traub, B.J. Grosz, B.W. Lampson and
N.J. Nilsson, editors, pages 451-467, Annual Reviews Inc., Palo Alto,
CA, 1987.
L. Kanal and V. Kumar, "Search in Artificial Intelligence",
Springer-Verlag, 1988.
Hans J. Berliner, "The B* Tree Search Algorithm: A Best-First Proof
Procedure", Artificial Intelligence, 12(1):23-40, May 1979. Also
appears in "Readings in Artificial Intelligence".
Pearl, J., "Heuristics: Intelligent Search Strategies for Computer
Problem Solving", Addison-Wesley, 1984.
Kirkpatrick, S. Gelatt, CD, and Vecchi, MP, "Optimization by Simulated
Annealing", Science 220(4589):671-680, 1983.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[3] Knowledge Representation
[Several papers in "Readings in Artificial Intelligence" are relevant,
including S. Amarel "On Representations of Problems on Reasoning about
Actions" and P.J. Hayes "The Frame Problem and Related Problems in AI".]
Brachman, Ronald J. and Levesque, Hector J., editors, "Readings in
Knowledge Representation", Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1985.
Ronald J. Brachman and James G. Schmolze, "An overview of the KL-ONE
knowledge representation system", Cognitive Science, 9:171-216, 1985.
Ronald J. Brachman, Richard E. Fikes, and Hector J. Levesque, "KRYPTON:
A functional approach to knowledge representation", IEEE Computer,
16:67-73, 1983.
Ronald J. Brachman, "On the epistemological status of semantic
networks", in N.V. Findler, editor, Associative Networks, pp. 318-353.
New York: Academic Press, 1979.
Allen Newell, "The Knowledge Level", Artificial Intelligence,
18:87-127, 1982.
Allen Newell and Herb Simon, "Computer Science as Empirical Enquiry:
Symbols and Search", Communications of the ACM, 19(3):113-126, 1976.
Penny Nii, "Blackboard Systems", AI Magazine 7(3), 1986.
Ronald J. Brachman, " ``I lied about the trees'', or, defaults and
definitions in knowledge representation", AI Magazine 6(3):80-93, 1985.
W.A. Woods, "What's in a link: Foundations for semantic networks", In
D.G. Bobrow & A. Collins (Eds.), "Representation and Understanding",
Academic Press, New York, 1975. Reprinted in "Readings in Cognitive
Science", Collins & Smith (eds.), section 2.2.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[4] Logic
Genesereth, M.R. and Nilsson, N.J., "Logical Foundations of Artificial
Intelligence", Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Los Altos, CA, 1987.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[6] Natural Language Processing (NLP)
General:
Gazdar, G. and Mellish, C., "Natural Language Processing in Lisp: An
Introduction to Computational Linguistics", Addison-Wesley, Reading,
Massachusetts, 1989. (There are three different editions of the book,
one for Lisp, one for Prolog, and one for Pop-11.)
Grosz, B.J., Sparck-Jones, K., and Webber, B.L., "Readings in Natural
Language Processing", Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Los Altos, CA, 1986.
Robert C. Berwick, "Computational Linguistics", MIT Press, Cambridge,
MA, 1989, ISBN 0262-02266-4.
Brady, Michael, and Berwick, Robert C., "Computational Models of
Discourse", MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1983.
Klaus K. Obermeier, "Natural Language Processing Technologies in
Artificial Intelligence: The Science and Industry Perspective", John
Wiley & Sons, New York, 1989.
Allen, James F., "Natural Language Understanding", The
Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Menlo Park, California,
(Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Reading, Massachusetts), 1988, ISBN
0-8053-0330-8.
Terry Winograd, "Language as a Cognitive Process", Addison-Wesley,
Reading, MA, 1983.
Schank, R. and Abelson, R. "Scripts, Plans, Goals, and
Understandings," Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, New Jersey,
1977.
Terminology:
David Crystal, "A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics", 3rd
Edition, Basil Blackwell Publishers, New York, 1991.
Parsing:
Tomita, M. (Editor), "Current Issues in Parsing Technology", Kluwer
Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA, 1991.
Tomita, M., "An Efficient Context-Free Parsing Algorithm",
Computational Linguistics 13:31-46, 1987.
Marcus, M. "A Theory of Syntactic Recognition for Natural Language,"
The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1980.
Pereira, F. and Sheiber, S. "Prolog and Natural-Language Analysis,"
Center for the Study of Language and Information, 1987.
Probabilistic Parsing:
Wright, J., "LR Parsing of Probabilistic Grammars with Input
Uncertainty for Speech Recognition", Computer Speech and Language
4:297-323, 1990.
Ted Briscoe and John Carroll, "Generalised Probabilistic LR Parsing of
Natural Language (Corpora) with Unification-based Grammars", University
of Cambridge Computer Laboratory, Technical Report Number 224, 1991.
Natural Language Understanding:
E. Charniak, "Passing Markers: A Theory of Contextual Influence in
Language Comprehension", Cognitive Science, 7:171-190, 1983.
Bertram C. Bruce, "Case systems for natural language", Artificial
Intelligence 6:327-360, 1975.
Yorick Wilks, "A Preferential, Pattern-Seeking, Semantics For Natural
Language Inference", Artificial Intelligence, 6:53-74, 1975.
Dyer, M. "In-Depth Understanding: A Computer Model of Integrated
Processing for Narrative Comprehension," MIT Press, Cambridge, MA,
1983.
Natural Language Interfaces:
Raymond C. Perrault and Barbara J. Grosz, "Natural Language
Interfaces", Annual Review of Computer Science, volume 1, J.F. Traub,
editor, pages 435-452, Annual Reviews Inc., Palo Alto, CA, 1986.
Natural Language Generation:
McKeown, Kathleen R. and Swartout, William R., "Language Generation and
Explanation", in Zock, M. and Sabah, G., editors, Advances in Natural
Language Generation, Volume 1, Pages 1-51, Ablex Publishing Company,
Norwood, NJ, 1988. (Overview of the state of the art in natural
language generation.)
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[5] Planning
Intros, Overviews, Paper Collections:
James Allen, James Hendler and Austin Tate, editors, "Readings in
Planning", Morgan-Kaufmann Publishers, 1990.
James Hendler, Austin Tate and Mark Drummond, "AI Planning: Systems and
Techniques", AI Magazine, May, 1990. (Review article.)
Georgeff, M. P., "Planning," in Annual Review of Computer Science,
Annual Reviews Inc., pages 359-400, 1987.
Drew McDermott, "Robot Planning", AI Magazine 13:2, Summer 1992, pp.
55-79.
William R. Swartout, "DARPA Workshop on Planning", AI Magazine,
9(2):115-131, Summer, 1988. (Survey of current work and issues in
planning.)
[See also Waldinger's "Achieving several goals simultaneously", in
"Readings in Artificial Intelligence".]
STRIPS:
Fikes, R.E. and Nilsson, N.J., "STRIPS: A new approach to the
application of theorem proving to problem solving", Artificial
Intelligence 2:189-208, 1971.
ABSTRIPS:
Sacerdoti, E. D., "Planning in a Hierarchy of Abstraction Spaces,"
Artificial Intelligence, 5:115-135, 1974.
Conjunctive Goals:
Chapman, D., "Planning for Conjunctive Goals", Artificial Intelligence
32:333-377, 1987.
NOAH:
Sacerdoti, E., "A Structure for Plans and Behavior", Artificial
Intelligence, pages 1-65, American Elsevier, New York, 1977.
Sacerdoti, E. D., "The Nonlinear Nature of Plans," Proc. of the Fourth
Joint Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann, 1975, 206-214.
Reactive Planning:
Agre P.E. and Chapman, D., "Pengi: An Implementation of a Theory of
Activity", in Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on
Aritificial Intelligence, Seattle, WA, July 1987.
Georgeoff, M.P. and Lansky, A.L., "Reactive Reasoning and Planning", in
Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence, Seattle, WA, pages 677-682, July 1987.
Simmons, R.G., "A theory of debugging plans and interpretations", in
Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference on Artificial
Intelligence (AAAI-88), Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Palo Alto, CA,
pages 94-99, 1988.
Case-based Planning:
Hammond, K., "Case-based Planning: Viewing Planning as a Memory Task",
Academic Press, Cambridge, MA, 1989.
Miscellaneous:
Stefik, M.J., "Planning with Constraints", Artificial Intelligence
15:111-140 and 16:141-170, 1981.
Wilkins, D.E., "Domain-Independent Planning: Representation and Plan
Generation", Artificial Intelligence 22:269-301, 1984.
R. Wilensky, "Meta-Planning: Representing and Using Knowledge About
Planning in Problem Solving and Natural Language Understanding",
Cognitive Science 5:197-233, 1981. Reprinted in Readings in Cognitive
Science, Collins & Smith (eds.), section 5.6.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[7] Connectionism and Neural Nets
Introductions and Overviews:
Geoffrey E. Hinton, "Connectionist Learning Procedures", Artificial
Intelligence 40(1-3):185-234, 1989. Reprinted in J. Carbonell, editor,
"Machine Learning: Paradigms and Methods", MIT Press, 1990. Also
appears as Technical Report CMU-CS-87-115 (version 2), Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, PA, December 1987.
Kevin Knight, "A gentle introduction to subsymbolic computation:
Connectionism for the AI researcher". Technical Report CMU-CS-89-150,
Carnegie Mellon University, School of Computer Science, Pittsburgh, PA,
May 30, 1989.
Scott Fahlman and Geoffrey Hinton, "Connectionist Architectures for
Artificial Intelligence", IEEE Computer 20(1):100-109, January 1987.
Hertz, J., Krogh, A., and Palmer, R.G., "Introduction to the Theory of
Neural Computation", Addison-Wesley, 1991. 327 pages. ISBN
0-201-51560-1.
Hecht-Nielsen, Robert, "Neurocomputing", Addison-Wesley, 1990, 433
pages. ISBN 0-201-09355-3.
Paper Collections:
Rumelhart, D.E, and McClelland, J.L., editors, "Parallel Distributed
Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition" (Vol. 1:
Foundations; Vol. 2: Psychological and Biological Models), Cambridge,
MA: MIT Press, 1986.
Waltz, D., and Feldman, J.A., "Connectionist Models and their
Implications: Readings from _Cognitive Science_", Ablex, 1988.
Mark Watson, "Common Lisp Modules -- Artificial Intelligence in the Era
of Neural Networks and Chaos Theory", Springer-Verlag, 1991. Includes
code written in Macintosh Common Lisp and uses the Mac graphical
interface (the modules are portable to other Common Lisp
implementations, but without the graphics).
Anderson, J.A., and Rosenfeld, E., editors, "Neurocomputing:
Foundations
of Research", Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 1988. Also "Neurocomputing Vol.
2: Directions for Research", Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 1991.
Hinton, G.E., and Anderson, J.A., editors, "Parallel Models of
Associative Memory" (updated edition), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,
1989.
Hinton, G.E., editor, "Connectionist Symbol Processing", MIT Press,
1990. [Was a special issue of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 46, nos.
1-2.]
Touretzky, D.S., editor, "Neural Information Processing Systems",
volumes 1-4 (1988-1991), Morgan Kaufmann. [Proceedings from the
premier conference on neural networks.]
Connectionist Language Processing:
See the special issue of _Connection Science_, Volume 2 Numbers 1-2,
1990. Also the Hinton collection "Connectionist Symbol Processing",
above.
Connectionist Cognitive Science:
Barnden, J.A., and Pollack, J.B., "Advances in Connectionist and Neural
Computation Theory Vol. 1: High-Level Connectionist Models", Ablex,
1991.
Quinlan, P., "Connectionism and Psychology: A Psychological Perspective
on New Connectionist Research", University of Chicago Press, 1991.
Waltz, D., and Feldman, J.A., editors, "Connectionist Models and their
Implications: Readings from _Cognitive Science_", Ablex, 1988.
Philosophical Foundations:
Pinker, S., and Mehler, J, editors, "Connections and Symbols", MIT
Press, 1988. [Was Cognition special issue Volume 28, 1988]
Clark, A., "Microcognition: Philosophy, Cognitive Science, and Parallel
Distributed Processing", MIT Press, 1989.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[8] Machine Learning
General:
J. G. Carbonell, editor, "Machine Learning: Paradigms and Methods", MIT
Press, Cambridge, MA 1990.
Tom Mitchell, Jaime G. Carbonell, and Ryszard S. Michalski, "Machine
Learning: A guide to current research", Kluwer Academic Publishers,
Boston, 1986.
J. W. Shavlik and T. D. Dietterich, editors, "Readings in Machine
Learning", Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1990.
[See also the article on Machine Learning from the Encyclopedia of
Artificial Intelligence, pages 464-485.]
Decision Trees:
Quinlan, J. Ross, "Induction of Decision Trees", Machine Learning
1:81-106, 1986.
Quinlan, J. Ross, "C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning", Morgan
Kaufmann Publishers, 1992. ISBN 1-55860-238-0. $44.95 US, $49.45
International. For a slight additional charge ($25), the book comes
with software (ISBN 1-55860-240-2). For software only, (ISBN
1-55860-239-9) $34.95 US, $38.45 International.
Probabilistic Clustering:
Fisher, D.H., "Knowledge Acquisition Via Incremental Conceptual
Clustering", Machine Learning 2:139-172, 1987. (Probabilistic
clustering methods.)
Clancey, W.J., "Classification Problem Solving", Proceedings of the
National Conference on Aritificial Intelligence, 49-55, Los Altos, CA,
Morgan Kaufmann. 1984.
Version Spaces:
Tom M. Mitchell, "Generalization as Search", Artificial Intelligence
18:203-226, 1982.
Machine Discovery:
Langley, P., and Zytkow, J. M., "Data-driven approaches to empirical
discovery", Artificial Intelligence 40:283-312, 1989.
Langley, P., Simon, H.A., Bradshaw, G.L., and Zytkow, J.M., "Scientific
Discovery: Computational Explorations of the Creative Processes", MIT
Press, Cambridge, MA, 1987.
Langley, P., Simon, H.A. and Bradshaw, G.L., "Heuristics for Empirical
Discovery", in L. Bolc, editor, Computational Models of Learning,
Springer-Verlag, 1987. Also appears as CMU CS Tech Report CMU-CS-84-14.
Chunking:
Laird J.E., Rosenbloom, P.S. and Newell, A., "Chunking in SOAR: The
Anatomy of a General Learning Mechanism", Machine Learning 1:1-46,
1986.
Explanation-Based Learning:
Mitchell, Tom M., Keller, R. M., and Kedar-Cabelli, S. T.,
"Explanation-based learning: A unified view", Machine Learning 1:47-80,
1986.
Derivational Analogy:
Carbonell, J. G., "Derivational analogy: A theory of reconstructive
problem solving and expertise acquisition." In R.S. Michalski, Jaime G.
Carbonell, and Tom M. Mitchell, editors, Machine Learning: An
Artificial Intelligence Approach, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San
Mateo, CA, 1986.
Theoretical Results:
Leslie G. Valiant, "A theory of the learnable", Communications of the
ACM, 27(11):1134--1142, 1984.
Haussler, D., "Quantifying Inductive Bias: AI Learning Algorithms and
Valiant's Learning Framework", Artificial Intelligence, 36:177-221,
1988.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[9] Case-Based Reasoning
Roger C. Schank, "Dynamic Memory: A Theory of Reminding and Learning in
Computers and People", Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 1982.
Roger C. Schank and C. Riesbeck, "Inside Case-Based Reasoning",
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1989.
Craig Stanfill and David Waltz, "Toward Memory-Based Reasoning",
Communications of the ACM, 29(12):1213-1228, December 1986.
(Memory-based reasoning.)
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[10] Genetic Algorithms
Overviews:
L. B. Booker, D.E. Goldberg and J.H. Holland, "Classifier Systems and
Genetic Algorithms", Artificial Intelligence 40(1-3):235-282, September
1989.
David E. Goldberg, "Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and
Machine Learning", Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1989, 412 pages. ISBN
0-201-15767-5.
Lawrence Davis (editor), "Handbook of Genetic Algorithms", Van Nostrand
Reinhold, 1991, ISBN 0-442-00173-8.
See also the July 1992 issue of Scientific American.
Collections:
Davis, L., editor, "Genetic Algorithms and Simulated Annealing", Morgan
Kaufmann, 1989.
Rawlins, G., editor, "Foundations of Genetic Algorithms", Morgan
Kaufmann, 1991.
See also the Proceedings of the First/Second/Third/Fourth International
Conference on Genetic Algorithms, published by Lawrence Erlbaum.
Miscellaneous:
Holland, J.H. "Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems",
University of Michigan Press, 1975. Reprinted by MIT Press, 1992.
Holland, J.H., Holyoak, K.J., Nisbett, R.E., and Thagard, P.R.,
"Induction: Processes of Inference, Learning, and Discovery", MIT
Press, 1988.
Genetic Programming:
Koza, John R., "Genetic Programming: On the programming of computers
by means of natural selection", MIT Press, 1992. ISBN 0-262-11170-5
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[11] Production Systems, Expert Systems and Match Algorithms
Overviews:
Bruce G. Buchanan and Edward H. Shortliffe, "Rule-Based Expert Systems:
The MYCIN Experiments of the Stanford Heuristic Programming Project",
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1985. The Davis and King paper (chapter 4,
"An overview of production systems") provides
a good overview.
Frederick Hayes-Roth, "The knowledge based expert system: A tutorial",
IEEE Computer 17(9):11-28, 1984.
Bruce G. Buchanan and R.O. Duda, "Principles of Rule-Based Systems",
Tech Report HPP-82-14, 1982. (Discusses the design of expert systems,
including representation, inference, and uncertainty management.
Examples from numerous specific systems, and discusses which problems
are suitable for attack by rule-based systems.)
OPS5: Charles L. Forgy, "OPS5 User's Manual", Technical Report
CMU-CS-81-135, Carnegie Mellon University, School of Computer Science,
Pittsburgh, PA 1981.
RETE: Charles L. Forgy, "RETE: A fast algorithm for the many pattern/many
object pattern match problem", Artificial Intelligence 19(1):17-37,
September 1982.
TREAT: Daniel P. Miranker, "TREAT: A better match algorithm for AI
production systems". In Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on
Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-87), pages 42-47, August 1987.
MatchBox: Mark Perlin, "The match box algorithm for parallel production
system match", Technical Report CMU-CS-89-163, Carnegie Mellon
University, School of Computer Science, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, May
1989.
DRETE: Michael A. Kelly and Rudolph E. Seviora, "An evaluation of DRETE on
CUPID for OPS5 matching", in Proceedings of the Eleventh International
Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-89), pages 84-90,
Detroit MI, August 1989, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[12] Integrated AI Architectures
Kurt VanLehn, editor, "Architectures for Intelligence", Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1991.
SOAR: John E. Laird, Allen Newell, and Paul S. Rosenbloom, "SOAR: An
Architecture for General Intelligence", Artificial Intelligence,
33(1):1-64, 1987.
PRODIGY: Steven Minton, Jaime G. Carbonell, Craig A. Knoblock, Daniel
R. Kuokka, Oren Etzioni, and Yolanda Gil. "Explanation-based learning:
A problem solving perspective". Technical Report CMU-CS-89-103,
Carnegie Mellon University, School of Computer Science, Pittsburgh, PA,
1989.
THEO: Tom M. Mitchell, J. Allen, P. Chalasani, J. Cheng, Oren Etzioni,
Marc Ringuette, and Jeffrey Schlimmer, "THEO: A Framework for
Self-Improving Systems", in Kurt VanLehn, editor, Architectures for
Intelligence, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1991.
Subsumption Architectures: Brooks, R., "A Robust Layered Control System
for a Mobile Robot", IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation, RA-2,
pages 14-23, April 1986.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[13] Fuzzy Logic
Zadeh, L.A., "Fuzzy Sets," Information and Control, 8, 338-353, 1965.
Klir, George J. and Folger, Tina A., "Fuzzy Sets, Uncertainty, and
Information", Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1988.
Zimmermann, Hans J., "Fuzzy Set Theory and its Applications", Boston,
MA, Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing, 1985.
Didier Dubois, Henri Prade, and Ronald R. Yager, editors, "Readings in
Fuzzy Systems", Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1992.
Brubaker, D.I., "Fuzzy-logic Basics: Intuitive Rules Replace Complex
Math," EDN, June 18, 1992.
Schwartz, D.G. and Klir, G.J., "Fuzzy Logic Flowers in Japan," IEEE
Spectrum, July 1992.
Kosko, B., Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems, Prentice Hall, Englewood
Cliffs, NJ, 1992.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[14] Artificial Life
The best source for information is the proceedings of the Artificial
Life conferences. The proceedings were edited by Christopher G. Langton
and published by Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-09356-1 and 0-201-52751-2.
Langton, C.G., editor, "Artificial Life" (Proceedings of the First
International Conference), Addison-Wesley, 1989.
Langton, C.G., Taylor, C., Farmer, J.D., and Rasmussen, S., editors,
"Artificial Life II", Addison-Wesley, 1991.
Forrest, S., editor, "Emergent Computation", MIT Press, 1991.
Levy, S. "Artificial Life", 1992. [A popularization]
Jean-Arcady Meyer and Stewart W. Wilson, "From animals to animats:
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Simulation of
Adaptive Behavior (1990, Paris, France)", MIT Press, Cambridge, MA,
1991.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[15] Qualitative Physics and Model Based Reasoning
QP Theory: Forbus, K. D., Qualitative Process Theory, Artificial
Intelligence, 24:85-168, 1984.
QSIM: Kuipers, B., Qualitative Reasoning with Causal Models in Diagnosis of
Complex Systems, In D. S. Weld & J. deKleer, editors, Readings in
Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems, pages 257-274, chapter
10, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1989.
MBR-based Diagnosis: Davis, R., Diagnostic Reasoning Based on Structure and
Behavior, Artificial Intelligence, 24:347-410, 1984.
Function-based MBR: Sticklen, J., Chandrasekaran, B., & Bond, W.
Distributed Causal Reasoning. Knowledge Acquisition, 1:139-162, 1989.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[16] Task-specific Architectures for Problem Solving
Generic Tasks: Chandrasekaran, B., Towards a Functional Architecture for
Intelligence Based on Generic Information Processing Tasks, In
IJCAI-87, pages 1183-1192, Milan, 1987.
Components of Expertise: Steels, L., The Components of Expertise. AI
Magazine, Summer, 1990.
KADS: Breuker, J., & Wielinga, B., Models of Expertise in Knowledge
Acquisition, in G. Guida & C. Tasso, editors, Topics in Expert Systems
Design: Methodologies and Tools, Amsterdam: North Holland Publishing
Company, 1989.
Role-limiting Methods: McDermott, J., Preliminary Steps Toward a Taxonomy
of Problem-Solving Methods, in S. Marcus, editor, Automating Knowledge
Acquisition for Expert Systems, pages 225-255, Boston: Kluver Academic
Publishers, 1988.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[17] Automated Deduction
C. Chang and R.C. Lee, "Symbolic Logic and Mechanical Theorem Proving",
Academic Press, 1973.
Alan Bundy, "The Computer Modelling of Mathematical Reasoning",
Academic Press, 1983.
David Duffy, "Principles of Automated Theorem Proving", John Wiley and
Sons, 1991.
Larry Wos and Ross Overbeek and Ewing Lusk and Jim Boyle, "Automated
Reasoning. Introduction and Applications", Second Edition,
McGraw-Hill, 1992.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[18] Probabilistic Reasoning
Neapolitan, Richard E., "Probabilistic Reasoning in Expert Systems:
Theory and Algorithms", John Wiley and Sons, 1990.
Oliver, Robert M., and Smith, James Q., editors, "Influence Diagrams,
Belief Nets and Decision Analysis", John Wiley and Sons, 1990.
Pearl, Judea, "Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems: Networks
of Plausible Inference", Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, California, 1988.
Shafer, Glenn, and Pearl, Judea, "Readings in Uncertain Reasoning",
Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, California, 1990.
R.O. Duda, P.E. Hart, and N.J. Nilsson, "Subjective Bayesian Methods
for Rule-Based Inference Systems", In Proceedings of the 1976 National
Computer Conference, pages 1075-1082, AFIPS, 1976.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[19] Nonmonotonic Reasoning
Matthew L. Ginsberg, "Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning", Morgan
Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1987.
Reiter, Ray, "Nonmonotonic Reasoning", Annual Review of Computer
Science, 2:147-186, 1987. (Appears in Ginsberg.)
Doyle, J., "Truth Maintenance Systems", Artificial Intelligence,
12(3):231-272, 1979.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[20] Robotics and Computer Vision
John J. Craig, "Introduction to Robotics", Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA,
1989.
Martin A. Fischler and Oscar Firschein, editors, "Readings in Computer
Vision", Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1987.
J. Michael Brady, "Computational approaches to image understanding",
ACM Computing Surveys 14(1):3-71, March 1982. (Survey of methods in
computer vision.)
David Marr, "Vision: a computational investigation into the human
representation and processing of visual information", W.H. Freeman, San
Francisco, CA, 1982.
[Three papers in the Encyclopedia of Aritificial Intelligence are
relevant: Path planning and obstacle avoidance, pages 708-715 Mobile
robots, pages 957-961 Sensors, pages 1031-1036]
The 6.270 Robot Builder's Guide, by Fred Martin. Available by anonymous
ftp from kame.media.mit.edu (18.85.0.45) in ~ftp/pub/fredm/README or in
cherupakha.media.mit.edu:pub/6270/docs [18.85.0.47]. This directory
contains "The 6.270 Robot Builder's Guide", the course notes to the
1992 MIT LEGO Robot Design Competition. For more information, contact
Fred Martin <fredm@media.mit.edu>.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[21] Distributed AI
Collections:
Alan H. Bond and Les Gasser, "Readings in Distributed Artificial
Intelligence", Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1988.
Michael N. Huhns, ed., "Distributed Artificial Intelligence", Morgan
Kaufmann, 1987.
Les Gasser and Michael N. Huhns, eds., "Distributed Artificial
Intelligence, Volume II", Morgan Kaufmann, 1989.
(Special Issue on Distributed AI) IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man,
and Cybernetics, Vol. 11, No. 1, Jan 1981.
(Special Issue on Distributed AI---10 years later) IEEE Transactions on
Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Vol. 21, No. 6, Nov/Dec 1991.
Decentralized Artificial Intelligence, Y. Demazeau ed. 1990,
Decentralized AI 2, Demazeau, Y. & Muller, J-P, eds. 1991,
Decentralized AI 3, Werner & Demazeau eds. 1992, all published by
Elsevier Science Publishers .
[Surveys can be found in the Bond & Gasser book listed above, and in: The
Handbook of AI volume 4 1989; IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-17(5)
1987; Kluwer Academic's AI Review-6(1)1992.]
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[22] User/Agent Modeling
Rapaport,W. J. (1987) "Belief Systems", in the Encyclopedia of
Artificial Intelligence, pp. 63-73.
Afzal Ballim and Yorick Wilks, "Artifical Believers", Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, 1991. ISBN 0-8058-0453-6. Contains a 92 page
background section on belief modeling in AI, Philosophy, NLP and
Linguistics.
Kobsa, A. & Wahlster, W. (1989) "User Models in Dialog Systems."
Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg.
See also the journal User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction in [1-1].
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[23] Philosophy of AI
D. McDermott, "Artificial Intelligence Meets Natural Stupidity," in
Mind Design: Philosophy, Psychology, Artificial Intelligence, J.
Haugeland, editor, chapter 5, pp. 143-160, MIT Press, 1981.
H.A. Simon, "Sciences of the Artificial", 2nd Edition, MIT Press, 1981.
A.M. Turing, "Computing Machinery And Intelligence," Mind, vol. LIX,
no. 236, 1950. Reprinted in "Computers and Thought", Feigenbaum &
Feldman (eds.), 1963. Also reprinted in "The Mind's I", Hofstadter &
Dennett (eds.). Also reprinted in "Readings in Cognitive Science",
Collins & Smith (eds.), section 1.1.
Roger Penrose, "The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning computers, minds,
and the laws of physics", Oxford University Press, New York, 1989, 466
pages, $30.
Douglas R. Hofstadter and Daniel C. Dennett, "The Mind's I: Fantasies
and Reflections on Self and Soul", Basic Books, New York, 1981, 501
pages, $15.50.
Daniel C. Dennett, "Consciousness explained", 1st edition, Little,
Brown and Company, Boston, 1991, 511 pages, $27.95.
John Haugeland, "Artificial Intelligence: The very idea", MIT Press,
Cambridge, MA, 1985, 287 pages.
John Haugeland, editor, "Mind Design: Philosophy, Psychology,
Artificial Intelligence", MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 1981, 368 pages.
Margaret A. Boden, editor, "The Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence",
Oxford University Press, New York, 1990, 452 pages.
Hans Moravec, "Mind Children: The future of robot and human
intelligence", Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1988, 214
pages.
Kirsh, D., editor, "Foundations of Artificial Intelligence, Special
issues of Artificial Intelligence", The MIT Press, 1991. Reprinted
from Artificial Intelligence 47(1--3), 1991.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[24] What is Cyc?
Cyc is a project at MCC in Texas to build an enCYClopedic database and
reasoning engine for common sense knowledge.
"CYC", AI Magazine 1986, 7(1), 1986.
"Cyc: A Mid-Term Report," AI Magazine, 11(3):32-59, Fall 1990.
"Cyc: Toward Programs With Common Sense," CACM, 33(8):30-49, August
1990.
"Knowledge and Natural Language Processing," CACM, Aug 1990.
"When will machines learn?," Machine Learning, 4(3-4):255-257, December
1989.
D.B. Lenat, R.V. Guha, "Building Large Knowledge-Based Systems",
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[25] Miscellaneous
Be sure to check the proceedings of the various national conferences in the
area that interests you.
PhD theses can often be obtained from University Microfilms Internatinal,
300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[26] Videotapes and Magazines
Videotapes:
The 4th episode of the PBS series "The Machine That Changed the World"
is a good introduction to AI. It is available for $90 from Films for the
Humanities, 1-800-257-5126.
Morgan Kaufmann also has a good set of tapes of AI-related lectures, but
it runs on the expensive side.
AI-related magazines include:
AI EXPERT Miller Freeman, Inc., 600 Harrison Street, San Francisco, CA
94107. Subscriptions: 1-800-274-2534 or 303-447-9330 $42/year (12
issues), $6 extra in Canada and Mexico, $15 extra (surface mail) or $40
(air mail) for overseas.
PC AI 3310 West Bell Road, Suite 119, Phoenix, AZ 85023. Subscriptions:
602-971-1869, fax 602-971-2321. $28/year (6 issues); $54 for two years;
$78 for three years.
$9 extra in Canada and Mexico, $25 extra (air mail) for all other
countries.
---------------------------------------------------------------- ·
Subject: FAQ: Artificial Intelligence FTP Resources 4/4 [Monthly posting]
Archive-name: ai-faq/part4 Last-Modified: Fri Mar 12 17:28:28 1993 by Mark
Kantrowitz Version: 1.4
;;; **************************************************************** ;;;
Answers to Questions about Artificial Intelligence ************* ;;;
**************************************************************** ;;;
Written by Mark Kantrowitz ;;; ai-faq-4.text -- 60097 bytes
If you think of questions that are appropriate for this FAQ, or would like
to improve an answer, please send email to mkant+ai-faq@cs.cmu.edu.
Part 4 (FTP Resources): [4-0] General Information about FTP Resources for
AI [4-1] FTP Repositories [4-2] FTP and Other Resources [4-3] AI
Bibliographies available by FTP [4-4] AI Technical Reports available by
FTP [4-5] Where can I get a machine readable dictionary, thesaurus, and
other text corpora? [4-6] List of Smalltalk implementations.
Search for [#] to get to question number # quickly.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[4-0] General Information about FTP Resources for AI
In general, see the Lisp FAQ for Lisp-related software and the Prolog
Resource Guide and the Prolog FAQ for Prolog-related software. If a
Lisp-based or Prolog-based system is listed here, only the ftp site and
directory will be listed; for a more detailed description, see the Lisp FAQ
and the Prolog Resource Guide. For information on obtaining the Lisp FAQ or
the Prolog Resource Guide see [1-0].
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[4-1] FTP Repositories
Ada Repository:
The Ada Repository on wsmr-simtel20.army.mil (mailing list
ada-sw@wsmr-simtel20.army.mil) contains a directory of AI programs in
PD2:<ADA.AI>*.*. A somewhat easier to access copy of the archives is
available as wuarchive.wustl.edu:/mirrors/ada/ai.
UCLA Artificial Life Depository:
ftp.cognet.ucla.edu (128.97.50.19):~ftp/pub/alife
Repository of papers, articles, tech reports, software and other
items of interest to Artificial Life researchers. It includes an
archive of past postings to the alife mailing list,
alife@cognet.ucla.edu (send mail to alife-request@cognet.ucla.edu to
be added to the list).
(Other artificial life information is available from santafe.edu in
the directory pub/Artificial-Life-III.)
Consortium for Lexical Research: clr.nmsu.edu [128.123.1.12]
equivalently, lexical.nmsu.edu [128.123.1.12]
Archive containing a variety of programs and data files related to
natural language processing research, with a particular focus on
lexical research. See the file catalog-short for a quick listing of
the contents of the archive. Long descriptions are in the info/
subdirectory. Publicly available materials are in the pub/
subdirectory. Materials for paid-up members of the Consortium are in
the members-only/ subdirectory. Public materials include the Alvey
Natural Language Tools, Sowa's Conceptual Graph parser implemented in
YACC by Maurice Pagnucco, a morphological parsing lexicon of English,
a phonological rule compiler for PC-KIMMO, C source code for the NIST
SGML parser, PC-KIMMO sources, the 1911 Roget Thesaurus, and a
variety of word lists (including English, Dutch, and male/female/last
names). Comments and questions may be directed to lexical@nmsu.edu.
FJ Repository:
The FJ Repository contains freeware from Japan (FJ = "From Japan").
The fj.sources subdirectory is a good place to look for free software
from Japan. Some files in the repository may contain Kana and Kanji
characters. The repository is available by anonymous ftp from
utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp:fj/fj.sources [133.11.11.11] The file Index
contains an index of all the files in each volume. Files of
particular interest include: v07/786: Portable Prolog for Common
Lisp v25/2577: General-Purpose Fuzzy Inference Library Ver. 3.0 (1/1)
Fuzzy Logic Repositories:
ntia.its.bldrdoc.gov:pub/fuzzy contains information concerning fuzzy
logic, including bibliographies (bib/), product descriptions and demo
versions (com/), machine readable published papers (lit/),
miscellaneous information, documents and reports (txt/), and
programs, code and compilers (prog/). You may download new items into
the new/ subdirectory. If you deposit anything in new/, please inform
fuzzy@its.bldrdoc.gov. The repository is maintained by Timothy
Butler, tim@its.bldrdoc.gov. The Fuzzy Logic Repository is also
accessible through a mail server, rnalib@its.bldrdoc.gov. For help on
using the server, send mail to the server with the following line in
the body of the message: @DATAPHONE@ @@ help Other commands
available include index, list, find, send, and credits.
Ostfold Regional College in Norway recently started a ftp site for
material related to fuzzy logic, ftp.dhhalden.no:fuzzy/. Material to
be included in the archive (e.g., papers and code) may be placed in
the upload/ directory. Now holds the files from Togai's mail-server,
and other files from Timothy Butler's site ntia.its.bldrdoc.gov. It
also includes some demo programs. Send email to Asgeir Osterhus,
<asgeiro@dhhalden.no>.
Togai InfraLogic, Inc. (TIL) also runs a fuzzy logic email server
which contains demo versions of some of their software, fuzzy logic
bibliographies, conference announcements, a short introduction to
fuzzy logic, copies of the company newsletter, archives of
comp.ai.fuzzy, and so on. See the entry in the answer to question
[1-8] for more information on the company. To get started with the
fuzzy logic email server, send a message with NO SUBJECT LINE to
fuzzy-server@til.com, containing just the word "help" in the message
body. The server will reply with a set of instructions. Please
address any comments, questions or requests to either erik@til.com or
tanaka@til.com. Most of the contents of the TIL server is mirrored at
Tim Butler's fuzzy logic ftp repository at ntia.its.bldrdoc.gov and
at Ostfold ftp repository at ftp.dhhalden.no. For more information,
write to Togai InfraLogic, Inc., 5 Vanderbilt, Irvine, CA 92718 or
call 714-975-8522.
The Aptronix FuzzyNet files are available through an email server.
Send email to fuzzynet@aptronix.com with "help" in the message body
to get instructions on how to retrieve files. "catalog" or "index"
will get you a listing of available files. (You can also connect to
the FuzzyNet repository by modem to Aptronix FuzzyNet 408-428-1883
N/8/1 1200-19,200 baud.) Files on the server include descriptions of
fuzzy logic applications (e.g., washing machines, camera focusing,
air conditioning), introductory materials, Fide related information,
archives of comp.ai.fuzzy, etc. If you'd like to have a file
included in the FuzzyNet server (e.g., moderate length technical
reports), send email to Scott Irwin <irwin@aptronix.com>.
Genetic Algorithms:
The Genetic Algorithms Repository is located at ftp.aic.nrl.navy.mil.
It includes past copies of the genetic algorithms digest in
/pub/galist/, a copy of Nici Schraudolph's survey of free and
commercial GA software in
/pub/galist/information/ga-software-survey.txt (send email to
<schraudo@cs.ucsd.edu> to add to the list), and some software,
including GAC (a simple GA written in C), GAL (a simple GA written in
Common Lisp), GAucsd, GECO (a Common Lisp toolbox for constructing
genetic algorithms), GENESIS, GENOCOP, Paragenesis (a parallel
version of GENESIS that runs on the CM-200), SGA-C (a C
implementation/extension of Goldberg's SGA system).
UC/Irvine (UCI) AI/Machine Learning Repository:
ics.uci.edu has a variety of AI-related materials, with a special
focus on machine learning. The directory
/pub/machine-learning-databases contains over 80 benchmark data sets
for classifier systems (30mb).
Site Librarian: Patrick M. Murphy (ml-repository@ics.uci.edu)
Off-Site Assistant: David W. Aha (aha@insight.cs.jhu.edu)
Machine Learning:
Various programs (e.g., ID3) and publications related to machine
learning are available by anonymous ftp from the machine learning
group (under Raymond Mooney) at UT-Austin, at
cs.utexas.edu:pub/mooney. Subdirectories include ml-course
information and homeworks from a graduate course in machine learning
taught by Dr. Mooney. Homeworks include "miniatures" of various
machine learning systems written in Common Lisp. ml-code
Common Lisp code corresponding to the assignments for the course in
the ml-course directory. ml-progs More "research-level"
versions of inductive classification algorithms and software for
automated experiments that generation learning curves that compare
several systems. papers Publications producted by the machine
learning research group.
Machine Learning Algorithms Implemented in Prolog:
In 1988 the Special Interest Group on Machine Learning of the German
Society for Computer Science (GI e.V.) decided to establish a library
of PROLOG implementations of Machine Learning algorithms. The library
includes - amongst others - PROLOG implementations of Winston's arch,
Becker's AQ-PROLOG, Fisher's COBWEB, Brazdil's generation of
discriminations from derivation trees, Quinlan's ID3, inverse
resolution, and Mitchell's version spaces algorithm. The programs are
currently available via anonymous ftp-server from the GMD:
ftp.gmd.de:/gmd/mlt/ML-Program-Library [129.26.8.90]
Send additional PROLOG implementations of Machine Learning
Algorithms, complaints about them and detected bugs or problems to
Thomas Hoppe, <hoppet@cs.tu-berlin.de>. Send suggestions and
complaints about the ftp library to Werner Emde, Gesellschaft fuer
Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung, Bonn, <emde@gmdzi.gmd.de>.
CMU Simulator Collection:
The CMU Simulator Collection is available by anonymous ftp from
ftp.cs.cmu.edu [128.2.206.173] in the directory
/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/connect/code/ The collection includes Lisp
and C implementations of Scott Fahlman's Cascade Correlation
algorithm, Scott Fahlman's Quickprop variation on the
back-propagation algorithm, and Scott Fahlman's Recurrent
Cascade-Correlation simulator. The collection also includes
Aspririn/Migraines and Tesauro. The neural network benchmark
collection is available in /afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/connect/bench/ The
data sets include the NETtalk data, a vowel recognition task, and
several others. The archives of the connectionists mailing list are
kept in /afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/connect/connect-archives/ along with
a Lisp implementation of a backprop simulator.
Funic Neural FTP Archive Site:
The Finnish University maintains an archive site containing a large
collection of neural network papers and public domain software
gathered from FTP sites in the US. The files are available by
anonymous ftp from funic.funet.fi:/pub/sci/neural [128.214.6.100].
(Also know as ftp.funet.fi, nic.funet.fi.) See the file 01README for
details. A list of mirrored ftp sites is in 04Neural_FTP_Sites. For
further information, contact neural-adm@funic.funet.fi or Marko
@DATAPHONE@ Gronroos <magi@funic.funet.fi> (or <magi@utu.fi>).
OSU Neuroprose: archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/neuroprose
[128.146.8.52]
This directory contains technical reports as a public service to the
connectionist and neural network scientific community which has an
organized mailing list (for info: connectionists-request@cs.cmu.edu)
NL Software Registry:
The Natural Language Software Registry is a catalogue of software
implementing core natural language processing techniques, whether
available on a commercial or noncommercial basis. Some of the topics
listed include speech signal processing, morphological analysis,
parsers, and knowledge representation systems. The catalogue is
available from the German Research Institute for Artificial
Intelligence (DFKI) in Saarbruecken (Germany) by anonymous ftp to
ftp.dfki.uni-sb.de:registry/, email to registry@dfki.uni-sb.de, or
physical mail to NL Software Registry, Deutsches Forschungszentrum
fuer Kuenstliche Intelligenz, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 3, D-W-6600
Saarbruecken, Germany, or by telephone to +49 (681) 303-5282.
Miscellaneous AI:
Some miscellaneous AI programs may be found on ftp.uu.net:/pub/ai
Most are mirrors of programs available at other sites.
AI_ATTIC is an anonymous ftp collection of classic AI programs and
other information maintained by the University of Texas at Austin.
It includes Parry, Adventure, Shrdlu, Doctor, Eliza, Animals, Trek,
Zork, Babbler, Jive, and some AI-related programming languages. This
archive is available by anonymous ftp from ftp.cc.utexas.edu
(bongo.cc.utexas.edu, 128.83.186.13) in the directory /pub/AI_ATTIC.
For more information, contact atticmaster@bongo.cc.utexas.edu.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[4-2] FTP and Other Resources
In addition to programs available free by anonymous ftp, we've included
some programs which are available by contacting the authors, and some
programs which charge a nominal fee.
Agent Modelling:
ViewGen (Viewpoint Generator) is a Prolog program that implements a
"Belief Ascription Algorithm" as described in Ballim and Wilks (see
the bibliography section on User Modelling). This can be seen as a
form of agent modelling tool, which allows for the generation of
arbitrarily deep nested belief spaces based on the system's own
beliefs, and on beliefs that are typically held by groups of agents.
ViewGen is available by anonymous ftp from
crl.nmsu.edu:pub/ViewFinder [128.123.1.18] (user
anonymous) ftp.ims.uni-stuttgart.de:pub/ballim [141.58.127.8]
(user ftp) as the file ViewGen.tar.Z. The theory of belief ascription
upon which it is based is described in detail in Ballim and Wilks,
and a general framework for attributing and maintaining nested
propositional attitudes is described in Afzal Ballim's dissertation
which is archived with the Viewgen program (in the files
ViewFinder-{A4/A5/US}.tar.Z, the variable part indicating the format
of the PostScript file). The inheritance reasoner is in the file
vf-hetis.tar.Z. Implemented in Sicstus prolog, and hence easily
convertible to any Edinburgh-style prolog. Contact Afzal Ballim
<afzal@divsun.unige.ch> for more information.
Artificial Life:
Tierra is an artificial life system for studying the evolution of
digital organisms. Tierra runs in Unix and MS-DOS. Source code and
documentation is available by anonymous ftp at tierra.slhs.udel.edu
(128.175.41.34) and life.slhs.udel.edu (128.175.41.33) in the
directories almond/, beagle/, doc/, and tierra/. To be added to
either the tierra-announce (official announcements only) or
tierra-digest (moderated discussion plus announcements) mailing
lists, send mail to tierra-request@life.slhs.udel.edu. Send bug
reports to tierra-bug@life.slhs.udel.edu.
Blackboard Architectures:
GBB (PD Version) -- dime.cs.umass.edu:/gbb
GEST -- Contact: Susan Coryell <scoryell@gtri01.gatech.edu>
Blackboard system. Runs on Symbolics and SUN. Georgia
Tech's Generic Expert System Tool (GEST) Available to
academic institutions for classroom use.
Case-based Reasoning:
CL-Protos -- cs.utexas.edu:/pub/porter Contact: Dan Dvorak
<dvorak@cs.utexas.edu> Ray Bareiss
<bareiss@ils.nwu.edu> Erik Eilerts
<eilerts@cs.utexas.edu> Bruce W. Porter
<porter@cs.utexas.edu>
MICRO-xxx -- Contact: waander@cs.umd.edu
Chess:
The SAN Kit chess programming C source toolkit provides common
routines for move notation I/O, move generation, move execution, etc.
Only search routines and an evaluation function need be added to
obtain a working chess program. It runs on Apple Macintosh (Think C
5.0), Commodore Amiga (SAS C), MS-DOS, and Unix. It is available by
anonymous ftp from valkyries.andrew.cmu.edu [128.2.232.4] in the
directory pub/chess/misc as the compressed tar file san.tar.Z.
Contact Steven J. Edwards, sje@xylos.ma30.bull.com for more
information.
Eliza and Similar Programs:
The software from Peter Norvig's book "Paradigms of AI Programming"
is available by anonymous ftp from unix.sri.com:pub/norvig and on
disk in Macintosh or DOS format from the publisher, Morgan Kaufmann.
The software includes Common Lisp implementations of: Eliza and
pattern matchers, Emycin, Othello, Parsers, Scheme interpreters and
compilers, Unification and a prolog interpreter and compiler, Waltz
line-labelling, implementation of GPS, macsyma, and random number
generators. For more information, write to Morgan Kaufmann, Dept.
P1, 2929 Campus Drive, Suite 260, San Mateo CA 94403, call
800-745-7323, or fax 415-578-0672. (Mac ISBN 1-55860-227-5; DOS 3.5"
ISBN 1-55860-228-3; or DOS 5.25" ISBN 1-55860-229-1).
The doctor.el is an implementation of Eliza for GNU-Emacs emacs-lisp.
Invoke it with "Meta-X doctor".
Source code for ELIZA in Prolog (implemented by Viren Patel) is
available by ftp from aisun1.ai.uga.edu.
muLISP-87 (a MSDOS Lisp sold by Soft Warehouse) includes a Lisp
implementation of Eliza.
Compute!'s Gazette, June 1984, includes source for a BASIC
implementation of Eliza. You can also find it in 101 more computer
games, edited by David Ahl, published by Creative Computing (alas,
they're defunct, and the book is out of print).
Herbert Schildt "Artificial Intelligence using C", McGraw-Hill, 1987,
ISBN 0-07-881255-0, pp315-338, includes a simple version of DOCTOR.
ucsd.edu:pub/pc-ai contains implementations of Eliza for the IBM PC.
The original Parry (in MLISP for a PDP-10) is available in
labrea.stanford.edu:/pub/parry.tar.Z.
RACTER is *not* public domain. According to A.K. Dewdney's book, "The
Armchair Universe", Racter is available from John Owens, INRAC, Inc.,
12 Schubert St., Staten Island, NY 10305. It was published in 1984,
and written in compiled BASIC.
Expert Systems:
FOCL -- ics.uci.edu:pub/SaranWrap/{README,KR-FOCL-ES.cpt.hqx}
Contact: pazzani@ics.uci.edu Expert System Shell and
Machine Learning Program; Extends Quinlan's FOIL.
OPS5 -- ftp.cs.cmu.edu:/afs/cs/user/mkant/Public/Lisp/ops5.tar.Z
BABYLON-- gmdzi.gmd.de:gmd/ai-research/Software/ (129.26.8.90)
(BinHexed stuffit archive of Babylon) Development
environment for expert systems.
CLIPS is an OPS-like forward chaining production system written in
ANSI C by NASA. The CLIPS inference engine includes truth
maintenance, dynamic rule addition, and customizable conflict
resolution strategies. CLIPS, including the runtime version, is
easily embeddable in other applications. CLIPS runs on IBM PC
compatibles, Macintosh, VAX 11/780, Sun 3/260, and HP9000/500. CLIPS
is available from COSMIC at a nominal fee for unlimited copies with
no royalties. For more information, email
service@cossack.cosmic.uga.edu, write COSMIC, University of Georgia,
382 East Broad Street, Athens, GA 30602, call 404-542-3265, or fax
404-542-4807. To subscribe to the CLIPS mailing list, send a message
to the list server listserv@cossack.cosmic.uga.edu (128.192.14.4)
with message body SUBSCRIBE CLIPS-LIST. An electronic bulletin board
containing information regarding CLIPS can be reached 24 hours a day
at 713-280-3896 or 713-280-3892. Communications information is 300,
1200, or 2400 baud, no parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit. The CLIPS
help desk phone number is 713-280-2233 and email address is
stbprod@krakatoa.jsc.nasa.gov. The book "Expert Systems: Principles
and Programming" by Joseph Girrantano and Garey Riley comes with an
MS-DOS CLIPS interpreter.
Frame Systems:
FrameWork -- ftp.cs.cmu.edu:
/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mkant/Public/Lisp/framework.lisp
Theo -- Contact: Tom.Mitchell@cs.cmu.edu
FrameKit -- Contact: Eric.Nyberg@cs.cmu.edu
KR -- Contact: Brad.Myers@cs.cmu.edu
PARKA -- Contact: spector@cs.umd.edu Frames for the CM
PARMENIDES (Frulekit) -- Contact: Peter.Shell@cs.cmu.edu
FROBS -- cs.utah.edu:/pub/frobs.tar.Z Contact: Robert Kessler
<kessler@cs.utah.edu>
PFC -- linc.cis.upenn.edu:
YAK -- Contact: Enrico Franconi <franconi@irst.it>
Fuzzy Logic:
FLIE -- ural.ethz.ch:/robo/flie Contact: vestli@ifr.ethz.ch Fuzzy
Logic Inference Engine, Institute of Robotics, ETH.
Game Playing:
METAGAME is a game-playing workbench for developing and playing
metagame programs. It includes a generator for symmetric chess-like
games; definitions of chess, checkers, chinese chess, shogi, lose
chess, lose checkers, french checkers, and tic tac toe translated
into symmetric chess-like games; a legal move generator; and a
variety of player programs, from simple through sophisticated. The
METAGAME Workbench runs in Quintus or Sictus Prolog. Available by
anonymous ftp from ftp.cl.cam.ac.uk [128.232.0.56] in
users/bdp/metagame.tar.Z. For more information, contact Barney Pell
<bdp@cl.cam.ac.uk> of the University of Cambridge Computer
Laboratory.
Genetic Algorithms:
SCS (Simple Classifier System) is a C port of the system from
Appendix D of "Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and
Machine Learning" by David E. Goldberg. It was ported to C by Erik
Mayer <emayer@uoft02.utoledo.edu>. For more information, contact the
author.
GASSY is a library of routines in C for implementing genetic
algorithms. It is available by anonymous ftp from
piggy.cogsci.indiana.edu:pub/gassy-2.0.tar.Z. For further
information, contact the author, Terry Jones, <terry@santafe.edu>.
Other packages are listed in Nici Schraudolph's survey of free and
commercial GA software (see the Genetic Algorithms Repository in
[4-1]).
ICOT:
Japan's Institute for New Generation Computer Technology (ICOT) has
made their software available to the public free of charge. The
collection includes a variety of prolog-based programs in symbol
processing, knowledge representation, reasoning and problem solving,
natural language processing. All programs are available by anonymous
ftp from ftp.icot.or.jp. Note that most of the programs are written
for the PSI machines, and very few have been ported to Unix-based
emulators. For further information, send email to ifs@icot.or.jp, or
write to ICOT Free Software Desk, Institute for New Generation
Computer Technology, 21st Floor, Mita Kokusai Bldg., 4-28, Mita
1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan, fax +81-3-4456-1618.
Knowledge Representation:
KNOWBEL -- ai.toronto.edu:/pub/kr/{knowbel.tar.Z,manual.txt.tar.Z}
Contact: Bryan M. Kramer, <kramer@ai.toronto.edu> Telos
temporal/sorted logic system.
SB-ONE -- Contact: kobsa@cs.uni-sb.de KL-ONE family KRIS --
Contact: baader@dfki.uni-kl.de KL-ONE family (Symbolics
only) BACK -- Contact: back@cs.tu-berlin.de KL-ONE
family CLASSIC -- Contact: dlm@research.att.com KL-ONE
family MOTEL -- Contact: hustadt@mpi-sb.mpg.de Modal
KL-ONE (contains KRIS as a kernel). Implemented in Prolog.
FOL GETFOL -- Contact: fausto@irst.it Weyrauch's FOL system
SNePS -- Contact: shapiro@cs.buffalo.edu Semantic Nets
COLAB/RELFUN -- Contact: boley@informatik.uni-kl.de Logic
Programming COLAB/FORWARD -- Contact:
hinkelma@dfki.uni-kl.de Logic Programming
COLAB/CONTAX -- Contact: meyer@dfki.uni-kl.de
Constraint System for Weighted Constraints over
Hierarchically Structured Finite Domains.
COLAB/TAXON -- Contact: hanschke@dfki.uni-kl.de
Terminological Knowl. Rep. w/Concrete Domains
Machine Learning:
COBWEB/3 -- Contact: cobweb@ptolemy.arc.nasa.gov
FOIL -- cluster.cs.su.oz.au [129.78.8.1] ~ftp/pub/foil4.sh
contains source, a brief manual, and several sample
datasets.
RWM -- Contact: H. Altay Guvenir <guvenir@trbilun.bitnet> RWM is
a program for learning problem solving strategies,
written in Common Lisp (tested on Suns and NeXT).
IND -- Contact: NASA COSMIC, <service@cossack.cosmic.uga.edu>
Tel: 706-542-3265 (ask for customer support) Fax:
706-542-4807 IND is a C program for the creation and
manipulation of decision trees from data, integrating the
CART, ID3/C4.5, Buntine's smoothing and option trees,
Wallace and Patrick's MML method, and Oliver and
Wallace's MML decision graphs which extend the tree
representation to graphs. Written by Wray Buntine,
<wray@kronos.arc.nasa.gov>.
Medical Reasoning:
TMYCIN -- sumex-aix.stanford.edu:/tmycin
Natural Language Processing:
YACC -- ftp.cs.cmu.edu:
/afs/cs/user/mkant/Public/Lisp/johnson-yacc.lisp
Contact: Mark Johnson <mj@cs.brown.edu> Lisp
YACC/Parser.
BABBLER -- Contact: rsf1@ra.msstate.edu Markov chains/NLP
PENMAN -- Contact: hovy@isi.edu Natural Language Generation.
PC-KIMMO -- msdos.archive.umich.edu:/msdos/linguistics/pckim105.zip
An implementation of KIMMO morphological analyzer for
the IBM PC.
FUF -- Contact: elhadad@bengus.bgu.ac.il cs.columbia.edu: or
ftp: black.bgu.ac.il:/pub/fuf/fuf5.2.tar.Z
surge.tar.Z Natural language generation system based
on Functional Unification Grammars. Includes unifier,
large grammar of English (surge) user manual and many
examples. Written in Common Lisp.
The Link Parser is a highly efficient English parser written by Danny
Sleator and Davy Temperley. It uses a novel grammatical formalism
known
as Link Grammar to represent a robust and diverse collection of
English-language phenomena. The system is available by anonymous ftp
from spade.pc.cs.cmu.edu in the directory /usr/sleator/public/. Read
the README file for more information.
Neural Networks:
Aspirin/MIGRAINES is a neural network simulator available free from
the MITRE Corporation. It contains a neural network simulation code
generator which generates high performance C code implementations for
backpropagation networks. It runs on the following platforms: Apollo,
Convex, Cray, DecStation, HP, IBM RS/6000, Intel 486/386 (Unix System
V), NeXT, News, Silicon Graphics Iris, Sun3, Sun4, Mercury i860
(40MHz) Coprocessors, Meiko Computing Surface w/i860 (40MHz) Nodes,
Skystation i860 (40MHz) Coprocessors, and iWarp Cells. The software
is available by anonymous ftp from the CMU simulator collection on
pt.cs.cmu.edu (128.2.254.155) in the directory
/afs/cs/project/connect/code (you must cd to this directory in one
atomic operation) and UCLA's cognitive science collection on
ftp.cognet.ucla.edu (128.97.50.3) in the directory alexis as the file
am6.tar.Z. They include many examples in the release, include an
implementation of NETtalk. For more information, contact Russell
Leighton <leighton@mitre.org>.
MUME (Multi-Module Neural Computing Environment) is a simulation
environment for multi-modules neural computing. It provides an object
oriented facility for the simulation and training of multiple nets
with various architectures and learning algorithms. The object
oriented structure makes simple the addition of new network classes
and new learning algorithms. _ MUME includes a library of network
architectures including feedforward, simple recurrent, and
continuously running recurrent neural networks. Each architecture is
supported by a variety of learning algorithms, including backprop,
weight perturbation, node perturbation, and simulated annealing.
MUME can be used for large scale neural network simulations as it
provides support for learning in multi-net environments. It also
provide pre- and post-processing facilities. MUME can be used to
include non-neural computing modules (decision trees, etc.) in
applications. _ MUME is being developed at the Machine Intelligence
Group at Sydney University Electrical Engineering. The software is
written in 'C' and is being used on Sun and DEC workstations. Efforts
are underway to port it to the Fujitsu VP2200 vector processor using
the VCC vectorising C compiler, HP 9000/700, SGI workstations, DEC
Alphas, and PC DOS (with DJGCC). MUME is available to research
institutions on a media/doc/postage cost arrangement. It is also
available free for MSDOS by anonymous ftp from
brutus.ee.su.oz.au:/pub/MUME-0.5-DOS.zip For further information,
write to Marwan Jabri, SEDAL, Sydney University Electrical
Engineering, NSW 2006 Australia, call +61-2-692-2240, fax
+61-2-660-1228, or send email to Marwan Jabri
<marwan@sedal.su.oz.au>. To be added to the mailing list, send email
to mume-request@sedal.su.oz.au.
Adaptive Logic Network (ALN) The atree adapative logic network
simulation package is available by anonymous ftp from
menaik.cs.ualberta.ca [129.128.4.241] in pub/atree2.tar.Z (Unix). The
MS-Windows 3.x and IBM PC version is available as either
pub/atre27.exe (includes C/C++ sources) or pub/a27exe.exe (just the
executables). Documentation is in pub/atree2.ps.Z. To be added to
the mailing list, send email to alnl-request@cs.ualberta.ca. For more
information, contact William W. Armstrong, <arms@cs.ualberta.ca>.
BPS Neural network simulator. Other files of interest. Executables
are free; source code for a small fee. gmuvax2.gmu.edu:/pub/nn
NeuralShell Availible by anonymous ftp from quanta.eng.ohio-state.edu
[128.146.35.1] in the directory pub/NeuralShell/ as the file
NeuralShell.tar.
CONDELA A neural network definition language.
tut.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/condela
ROCHESTER CONNECTIONIST SIMULATOR Available from
cs.rochester.edu:pub/simulator [192.5.53.209]. Includes a backprop
package and an X11/SunView interface.
UCLA-SFINX retina.cs.ucla.edu:pub/sfinx_v2.0.tar.Z [131.179.16.6]
Username sfinxftp, password joshua. Contact sfinx@retina.cs.ucla.edu
for more information.
XERION A neural network simulator from Drew van Camp at the
University of Toronto. It provides a library of routines for building
networks and graphically displaying them. Written in C and uses the X
window system for graphics. Example simulators include Back
Propagation, Recurrent Back Propagation, Boltzmann Machine, Mean
Field Theory, Free Energy Manipulation, Kohonnen Net, and Hard and
Soft Competitive Learning. Xerion runs on SGI Personal Iris, SGI 4d,
Sun3 (SunOS), Sun4 (SunOS). Available by anonymous ftp from
ai.toronto.edu:/pub/xerion. See the file /pub/xerion.README for more
information. To be added to the mailing list, send mail to
xerion-request@ai.toronto.edu. Bugs should be reported to
xerion-bugs@ai.toronto.edu. Complaints, suggestions or comments may
be sent to xerion@ai.toronto.edu.
SNNS (Stuttgart Neural Network Simulator) is a software simulator for
neural networks on Unix workstations developed at the Institute for
Parallel and Distributed High Performance Systems (IPVR) at the
University of Stuttgart. The SNNS simulator contains a simultor
kernel written in C and a 2D/3D graphical user interface running
under X11R4 or X11R5. It runs under Sun Sparc (SLC, ELC, SS2, GX,
GS), DECstation (2100, 3100, 5000/200), IBM RS 6000, HP 9000, and
IBM-PC (386/486). SNNS includes the following learning procedures:
backpropagation (online, batch, with momentum and flat spot elimin.),
counterpropagation, quickprop, backpercolation 1, and generalized
radial basis functions (RBF). (Version 2.2 will include recurrent
ART1, ART2 and ARTMAP, Cascade Correlation and Recurrent Cascade
Correlation. Time delay networks (TDNN), Elman networks and some
other network paradigms have already been implemented but are
scheduled for a later release.) The SNNS simulator can be obtained
via anonymous ftp from
ifi.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de:/pub/SNNS/SNNSv2.1.tar.Z
[129.69.211.1]. The PostScript version of the user manual can be
obtained as file SNNSv2.1.Manual.ps.Z. To be added to the mailing
list, send a message to listserv@informatik.uni-stuttgart.de with
"subscribe snns <Your Full Name>" in the message body. Submissions
may be sent to snns@informatik.uni-stuttgart.de. For further
information, contact Andreas Zell,
<zell@informatik.uni-stuttgart.de>.
NEOCOGNITRON SIMULATOR The Neocognitron Simulator is written in C and
is available by anonymous ftp from
tamsun.tamu.edu:/pub/neocognitron.Z.tar [128.194.15.32]
unix.hensa.ac.uk:/pub/uunet/pub/ai/neural/neocognitron.tar.Z
[129.12.21.7]
PLANET (aka SunNet) Simulator that runs under X Windows. Written by
Yoshiro Miyata <miyata@sccs.chukyo-u.ac.jp> of Chukyo University,
Japan. Available by anonymous ftp from
tutserver.tut.ac.jp:pub/misc/PlaNet5.7.tar.Z [133.15.240.3]
boulder.colorado.edu:pub/generic-sources/PlaNet5.7.tar.Z
[128.138.240.1] Includes documentation.
LVQ_PAK and SOM_PAK LVQ_PAK (Learning Vector Quantization) and
SOM_PAK (Self-Organizing Maps) were written by the LVQ/SOM
Programming Team of the Helsinki University of Technology, Laboratory
of Computer and Information Science, Rakentajanaukio 2 C, SF-02150
Espoo, FINLAND. The PAKs run in Unix and MS-DOS systems. Available by
anonymous ftp from cochlea.hut.fi [130.233.168.48] in the directories
/pub/lvq_pak/ and /pub/som_pak/.
MACTIVATION bruno.cs.colorado.edu:/pub/cs/misc/ [128.138.243.151]
as the file Mactivation-3.3.sea.hqx.
DartNet A Macintosh-based Neural Network Simulator with a nice
graphical interface. Available by anonymous ftp from
dartvax.dartmouth.edu:/pub/mac/dartnet.sit.hqx [129.170.16.4] or by
email from bharucha@dartmouth.edu. New network architectures and
learning algorithms can be added to the system by writing small
XCMD-like CODE resources called nDEF's ("Network Definitions"). For
more information, send email to Sean P. Nolan,
<sean@coos.dartmouth.edu>.
Probabilistic Reasoning:
BELIEF -- ftp.stat.washington.edu (128.95.17.34) Contact: Russell
Almond <almond@stat.washington.edu> <almond@statsci.com>
IDEAL -- Contact: srinivas@rpal.rockwell.com Bayesian networks
Planning:
NONLIN -- cs.umd.edu:/pub/nonlin (128.8.128.8) Contact:
nonlin-users-request@cs.umd.edu nonlin-bugs@cs.umd.edu
ABTWEAK -- jupiter.drev.dnd.ca:pub/steve/Abtweak Contact: Steven
Woods <woods@drev.dnd.ca>
RHETORICAL -- cs.rochester.edu:/pub/knowledge-tools Contact: Brad
Miller <miller@cs.rochester.edu>
SNLP -- cs.washington.edu:/pub/snlp.tar.Z Contact:
weld@cs.washington.edu Nonlinear planner.
IDM -- sauquoit.gsfc.nasa.gov (128.183.101.29) Contact:
idm-users@chelmsford.gsfc.nasa.gov STRIPS-like planning.
PRODIGY -- Contact: prodigy@cs.cmu.edu Integrated Planning and
Learning System
SOAR -- ftp.cs.cmu.edu:/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/soar/5.2/2/public/
Contact: soar-request@cs.cmu.edu Integrated Agent
Architecture
MATS -- Contact: kautz@research.att.com Temporal constraints
Qualitative Reasoning:
QSIM -- cs.utexas.edu:/pub/qsim Contact: Ben Kuipers
<kuipers@cs.utexas.edu>
Robotics (Planning Testbeds and Simulators):
TILEWORLD -- cs.washington.edu:new-tileworld.tar.Z Planning testbed
The ARS MAGNA abstract robot simular provides an abstract world in
which a planner controls a mobile robot. This abstract world is more
realistic than typical blocks worlds, in which micro-world
simplifying assumptions do not hold. Experiments may be controlled by
varying global world parameters, such as perceptual noise, as well as
building specific environments in order to exercise particular
planner features. The world is also extensible to allow new
experimental designs that were not thought of originally. The
simulator also includes a simple graphical user-interface which uses
the CLX interface to the X window system. ARS MAGNA can be obtained
by anonymous ftp from ftp.cs.yale.edu, as ars-magna.tar.Z in the
pub/nisp directory. Installation instructions are in the file
Installation.readme. The simulator is written in Nisp, a
macro-package for Common Lisp. Nisp can be retrieved in the same way
as the simulator. Version 1.0 of the ARS MAGNA simulator is
documented in Yale Technical Report YALEU/DCS/RR #928, "ARS MAGNA:
The Abstract Robot Simulator". This report is available in the
distribution as a PostScript file. Comments should be directed to
Sean Philip Engelson <engelson@cs.yale.edu>.
Simderella is a robot simulator consisting of three programs: CONNEL
(the controller), SIMMEL (the robot simulator), and BEMMEL (the
X-windows oriented graphics back-end). SIMMEL performs a few matrix
multiplications, based on the Denavit Hartenberg method, calculates
velocities with the Newton-Euler scheme, and communicates with the
other two programs. BEMMEL only displays the robot. CONNEL is the
controller, which must be designed by the user (in the distributed
version, CONNEL is a simple inverse kinematics routine.) The
programs use Unix sockets for communication, so you must have
sockets, but you can run the programs on different machines. The
software is available by anonymous ftp from
galba.mbfys.kun.nl:pub/neuro-software/pd/ [131.174.82.73] as the file
simderella.1.0.tar.Z The software has been compiled using gcc on
SunOS running under X11R4/5 on Sun3, Sun4, Sun Sparc 1, 2, and 10,
and Silicon Graphics architectures. For more information, send email
to Patrick van der Smagt, <smagt@fwi.uva.nl>.
Simulated Annealing:
VFSR (Very Fast Simulated Reannealing) is a powerful global
optimization C-code algorithm especially useful for nonlinear and/or
stochastic systems. Most current copies usually can be obtained by
anonymous ftp from ftp.uu.net:tmp/vfsr.Z. Older versions can be found
in the Netlib archive (research.att.com:opt/, logging in as netlib),
the Statlib archive (lib.stat.cmu.edu, logging in as statlib), the
UMIACS archive (ftp.umiacs.umd.edu:pub/ingber), and the UTSA archive
(ringer.cs.utsa.edu:/pub/rosen). The authors have (p)reprints
related to VFSR in their archives: Lester Ingber has a review
article, sarev.ps.Z, in the UMIACS archive (and on uunet in /tmp),
and Bruce Rosen has a comparison study, "Function Optimization based
on Advanced Simulated Annealing", which is available in the UTSA
archive as the file rosen.advsim.ps.Z. Copies of the code are also
available by email from the author, Lester Ingber
<ingber@alumni.caltech.edu>.
Theorem Proving/Automated Reasoning:
Otter -- info.mcs.anl.gov:pub/Otter/Otter-2.2/otter22.tar.Z
Isabelle -- ftp.cl.cam.ac.uk:ml/ [128.232.0.56]
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de:lehrstuhl/nipkow/
[131.159.0.110] Relevant files include: intro.dvi.Z
"Introduction to Isabelle" ref.dvi.Z "The Isabelle
Reference Manual" logics.dvi.Z "Isabelle's
Object-Logics" 92.tar.Z Isabelle-92 distribution
directory Contact: Larry.Paulson@cl.cam.ac.uk
Tobias.Nipkow@informatik.tu-muenchen.de
MVL -- t.stanford.edu:/mvl/mvl.tar.Z Contact:
ginsberg@t.stanford.edu Multi-valued logics
Boyer-Moore -- cli.com:pub/nqthm/nqthm.tar.Z
rascal.ics.utexas.edu:/pub/nqthm 128.83.138.20
Contact: kaufman@cli.com
Miscellaneous:
University of Toronto: ftp -- ftp.cs.toronto.edu:/pub/ailist
Archives of ailist mailing list, defunct as of January 19, 1990
PAIL (Portable AI Lab) ftp -- pobox.cscs.ch:/pub/ai/pail-2.1/
[148.187.10.13] contact: Mike Rosner and Dean Allemang
{dean,mike}@idsia.ch
The Artificial Intelligence CD-ROM (Volume One, 1992) is available from
Network Cybernetics Corporation for $129.00 per copy (plus $5 shipping
domestic, $10 shipping international). The AI CD-ROM is an ISO-9660 format
disk usable on any computer system, and contain a variety of public domain,
shareware, and other software of special interest to the AI community. The
disk contains source code, executable programs, demonstration versions of
commercial programs, tutorials and other files for a variety of operating
systems. Among the supported operating systems are MS-DOS, OS/2, Mac,
Amiga, and Unix. Among the items included are CLIPS v5.1 and NETS, courtesy
of COSMIC, the collected source code from AIExpert magazine from the
premier issue in June of 1986 to the present, and complete transcriptions
of the first annual Loebner Prize competition, which took place at the
Boston Computer Museum. It also includes examples many different kinds of
neural networks, genetic algorithms, artificial life simulators, natural
language software, public domain and shareware compilers for a wide range
of languages such as Lisp, Xlisp, Scheme, XScheme, Smalltalk, Prolog, ICON,
SNOBOL, and many others. Complete collections of the Neural Digest,
Genetic Algorithms Digest, and Vision List Digest are included. Network
Cybernetics Corporation intends to release annual revisions to the AI
CD-ROM to keep it up to date with current developments in the field. For
more information, write to Network Cybernetics Corporation, 4201 Wingren
Road, Suite 202, Irving, Texas 75062-2763, call 214-650-2002, fax
214-650-1929, or send email to ai-cdrom@ncc.com or steve.rainwater@ncc.com
(Steve Rainwater).
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[4-3] AI Bibliographies available by FTP
The Computer Science Department at the University of Saarbruecken, Germany,
maintains a large bibliographic database of articles pertaining to the
field of Artificial Intelligence. Currently the database contains more than
25,000 references, which can be retrieved by electronic mail from the LIDO
mailserver at lido@cs.uni-sb.de. Send a mail message with subject line
"lidosearch help info" to get instructions on using the mail server. A
variety of queries based on author names, title and year of publication are
possible. The references can be provided in BibTeX or Refer formats. The
entire bibliographic database can be obtained for a fee by ftp or on tape.
Questions may be directed to bib-1@cs.uni-sb.de.
A variety of AI-related bibliographies are located on nexus.yorku.ca in the
directory /pub/bibliographies.
For information on a fairly complete bibliography of computational
linguistics and natural language processing work from the 1980s, send mail
to clbib@csli.stanford.edu with the subject HELP.
Stanford University (SUMEX-AIM) has a large BibTeX bibliography of
Artificial Intelligence papers and technical reports. Available by
anonymous ftp from aim.stanford.edu:/pub/ai{1,2,3}.bib
A BibTeX database of references addressing neuro-fuzzy issues can be
obtained by anonymous ftp from ftp.tu-bs.de (134.169.34.15) in the
directory local/papers as the (ascii) file fuzzy-nn.bib.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[4-4] Technical Reports available by FTP
This section lists the anonymous ftp sites for technical reports from
several universities and other organizations. Some of the sites provide
only an online catalog of technical reports, while the rest make the actual
reports available online. The email address listed is that of the
appropriate person to contact with questions about ordering technical
reports.
When ftping compressed .Z files, remember to set the transfer type to
binary first, using the command ftp> binary
Another general location for technical reports from several universities is
available as wuarchive.wustl.edu:/doc/techreports/.
The newsgroup comp.doc.techreports is devoted to distributing lists of tech
reports and their abstracts.
MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory: ftp --
ftp.ai.mit.edu:pub/publications/ email -- publications@ai.mit.edu
A full catalog of MIT AI Lab technical reports (and a listing of
recent
updates) may be obtained from the above location, by writing to
Publications, Room NE43-818, M.I.T. Artificial Intelligence
Laboratory, 545 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, or by
calling 1-617-253-6773. The catalog lists the technical reports ("AI
Memos") with a short abstract and their current prices. There is also
a charge for shipping. Technical reports are NOT available by ftp.
The only technical report currently available online is Sandiway
Fong's 1991 PhD thesis, ``The Computational Properties of
Principle-Based Grammatical Theories,'' which may be found in the
directory pub/sandiway/.
CMU School of Computer Science: ftp -- reports.adm.cs.cmu.edu email --
Technical.Reports@cs.cmu.edu
CMU Software Engineering Institute: ftp --
ftp.sei.cmu.edu:/pub/documents email -- bjz@sei.cmu.edu
Yale: ftp -- dept.cs.yale.edu:/pub/TR/
University of Washington CSE Tech Reports: ftp --
june.cs.washington.edu:/tr email -- tr-request@cs.washington.edu
================
AT&T Bell Laboratories: ftp -- research.att.com:/netlib/research/cstr
bib.Z contains short bibliography, including all the technical
reports contained in this directory.
ftp -- research.att.com:/dist/ai
Boston University: ftp -- cs.bu.edu:techreports/ email --
techreports@cs.bu.edu
Brown University: ftp -- wilma.cs.brown.edu:techreports/ email --
techreports@cs.brown.edu
Columbia University: ftp -- cs.columbia.edu:/pub/reports email --
tech-reports@cs.columbia.edu
DEC Cambridge Research Lab: ftp --
crl.dec.com:/pub/DEC/CRL/{abstracts,tech-reports}
DEC Paris Research Lab: email -- doc-server@prl.dec.com Put commands in
Subject: line of the message. To get a list of articles, use send
index articles To get a list of tech reports, use send index reports
DFKI: ftp -- duck.dfki.uni-sb.de:/pub/papers email -- Martin Henz
(henz@dfki.uni-sb.de)
Duke University: ftp -- cs.duke.edu:/dist/{papers,theses} email --
techreport@cs.duke.edu
Edinburgh: A list of available reports can be sent via email. Send
requests for information about reports from the Center for Cognitive
Science to cogsci%ed.ac.uk@nsfnet-relay.ac.uk, and from the Human
Communication Research Center to HCRC%ed.ac.uk@nsfnet-relay.ac.uk.
Electrotechnical Laboratory, Japan: Reports from the Cooperative
Architecture project (half AI, half software engineering). ftp --
etlport.etl.go.jp:pub/kyocho/Papers [192.31.197.99] See file
Index.English. email -- Hideyuki Nakashima <nakashim@etl.go.jp>.
Georgia Tech College of Computing, AI Group: ftp --
ftp.cc.gatech.edu:pub/ai (130.207.3.245) email -- Professor Ashwin
Ram <ashwin@cc.gatech.edu>
Illinois: email -- Erna Amerman <erna@uiuc.edu>
Indiana: ftp -- cogsci.indiana.edu:pub [129.79.238.12] ftp
-- cs.indiana.edu:pub/techreports [129.79.254.191]
Institute for Learning Sciences at Northwestern University: ftp --
ftp.ils.nwu.edu:/pub/papers/
New York University (NYU): ftp -- cs.nyu.edu:/pub/tech-reports
OGI: ftp -- cse.ogi.edu:/pub/tech-reports email --
csedept@cse.ogi.edu
Ohio State University, Laboratory for AI Research ftp --
nervous.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/papers email --
lair-librarian@cis.ohio-state.edu
OSU Neuroprose: ftp -- archive.cis.ohio-state.edu:/pub/neuroprose
(128.146.8.52)
This directory contains technical reports as a public service to the
connectionist and neural network scientific community which has an
organized mailing list (for info: connectionists-request@cs.cmu.edu)
Stanford: ftp -- elib.stanford.edu:/cs
Very spotty collection.
SUNY at Stony Brook: ftp -- sbcs.sunysb.edu:/pub/TechReports
@DATAPHONE@ email -- rick@cs.sunysb.edu or stark@cs.sunysb.edu
The /pub/sunysb directory contains the SB-Prolog implementation of
the Prolog language. Contact warren@sbcs.sunysb.edu for more
information.
Thinking Machines: ftp -- ftp.think.com:think/techreport.list
This file contains a list of Thinking Machines technical reports.
Orders may be placed by email (limit 5) to t-rex@think.com, or by US
Mail to Thinking Machines Corporation, Attn: Technical reports, 245
First Street, Cambridge, MA 01241. In addition, the directories
cm/starlisp and cm/starlogo contain code for the *Lisp and *Logo
simulators.
Tulane University: ftp -- rex.cs.tulane.edu:pub/tech/ [129.81.132.1]
University of Arizona: ftp -- cs.arizona.edu:reports/ email --
tr_libr@cs.arizona.edu
The directory /japan/kahaner.reports contains reports on AI in Japan,
among other things, written by Dr. David Kahaner, a numerical analyst
on sabbatical to the Office of Naval Research-Asia (ONR Asia) in
Tokyo from NIST. The reports are not written in any sort of official
capacity, but are quite interesting.
University of California/Santa Cruz: ftp --
ftp.cse.ucsc.edu:/pub/{bib,tr} email -- jean@cs.ucsc.edu
University of Colorado: ftp --
ftp.cs.colorado.edu:/pub/cs/techreports
University of Florida: ftp -- bikini.cis.ufl.edu:/cis/tech-reports
University of Illinois at Urbana: ftp -- a.cs.uiuc.edu:/pub/dcs email
-- erna@a.cs.uiuc.edu
University of Indiana, Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition:
ftp -- cogsci.indiana.edu:pub/ email -- helga@cogsci.indiana.edu
University of Kentucky: ftp --
ftp.ms.uky.edu:ftp/pub/tech-reports/UK/cs/
University of Massachusetts at Amherst: email -- techrept@cs.umass.edu
University of Michigan: ftp -- z.eecs.umich.edu:/techreports
University of North Carolina: ftp --
ftp.cs.unc.edu:/pub/technical-reports/
University of Pennsylvania: email -- publications@upenn.edu
USC/Information Sciences Institute: email -- Sheila Coyazo
<scoyazo@isi.edu> is the contact.
University of Toronto: ftp -- ftp.cs.toronto.edu:/pub/reports email --
tech-reports@cs.toronto.edu
University of Virginia:
ftp -- uvacs.cs.virginia.edu:/pub/techreports/cs
University of Wisconsin: ftp -- ftp.cs.wisc.edu:/tech-reports email --
tech-reports-archive@cs.wisc.edu
Some AI authors have set up repositories of their own papers:
Matthew Ginsberg: t.stanford.edu:/u/ftp/papers
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[4-5] Where can I get a machine readable dictionary, thesaurus, and other
text corpora?
Free:
Roget's 1911 Thesaurus is available by anonymous FTP from the Consortium
for Lexical Research (clr.nmsu.edu, [128.123.1.12]). The pathname is
/pub/lexica/thesauri/roget-1911. It is also available from
src.doc.ic.ac.uk:/literary/collections/project_gutenberg/roget11.txt.Z
Project Gutenberg also has Roget's 1911 Thesaurus. The Project Gutenberg
archive is at mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu. For more information, write to
Michael S. Hart, Professor of Electronic Text, Executive Director of
Project Gutenberg Etext, Illinois Benedictine College, Lisle, IL 60532
or send email to hart@vmd.cso.uiuc.edu.
For people without FTP, Austin Code Works sells floppy disks containing
Roget's 1911 Thesaurus for $40.00. This money helps support the
production of other useful texts, such as the 1913 Webster's dictionary.
The Open Book Initiative maintains a text repository on world.std.com (a
public access UNIX system, 617-739-WRLD). For more information, send
email to obi@world.std.com, write to Software Tool & Die, 1330 Beacon
Street, Brookline, MA 02146, or call 617-739-0202.
The CHILDES project at Carnegie Mellon University has a lot of data of
children speaking to adults, as well as the adult written and adult
spoken corpora from the CORNELL project. Contact Brian MacWhinney
<brian@andrew.cmu.edu> for more information.
The Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) has a Data
Collection Initiative. For more information, contact Donald Walker at
Bellcore, walker@flash.bellcore.com.
Two lists of common female first names (4967 names) and male first names
(2924 names) are available for anonymous ftp from ftp.cs.cmu.edu in the
directory /afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mkant/Public/Corpii/Names/. Read the file
README first. [Note that you must cd to this directory in one atomic
operation, as superior directories are protected during an anonymous
ftp.] Send mail to mkant@cs.cmu.edu for more information.
A list of 110,000 English words (one per line, in ASCII) is available in
the PD1:<MSDOS.LINGUISTICS> directory on SIMTEL20 as the files
WORDS1.ZIP, WORDS2.ZIP, WORDS3.ZIP, and WORDS4.ZIP. Although the list is
in MS-DOS files, it can easily be used on other machines (but first
you'll have to unzip the files on a DOS machine). The list includes
inflected forms of the words, such as plural nouns and the -s, -ed, and
-ing forms of verbs; thus the number of lexical stems in the list is
considerably smaller than the total number of word forms. These files
are available via FTP from WSMR-SIMTEL20.ARMY.MIL [192.88.110.20].
SIMTEL20 files are mirrored on wuarchive.wustl.edu.
The Collins English Dictionary encoded as a Prolog fact base is
available from the by anonymous ftp from black.ox.ac.uk:ota/dicts/1192/
Commercial:
Illumind publishes the Moby Thesaurus (25,000 roots/1.2 million
synonyms), Moby Words (560,000 entries), Moby Hyphenator (155,000
entries), and the Moby Part-of-Speech (214,000 entries) and Moby
Pronunciator (167,000 entries) lexical databases. All databases are
supplied in pure ASCII, royalty-free, in both Macintosh and MS-DOS disk
formats (also in .Z file formats). Both commercial (to resell derived
structures as part of commercial applications) and educational/research
licenses are available. For more information, write to Illumind, Attn:
Grady Ward, 3449 Martha Court, Arcata, CA 95521, call 707-826-7715, or
send email to grady@btr.com.
The Oxford Text Archive has hundreds of online texts in a wide variety
of languages, including a few dictionaries (the OED, Collins, etc.). The
Lancaster-Oslo-Bergen (LOB), Brown, and London-Lund corpii are also
available from them. For more information, write to Oxford Electronic
Publishing, Oxford University Press, 200 Madison Avenue, New York, NY
10016, call 212-889-0206, or send mail to archive@vax.oxford.ac.uk.
(Their contact information in England is Oxford Text Archive, Oxford
University Computing Service, 13 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6NN, UK, +44
(865) 273238.)
Mailing Lists:
CORPORA is a mailing list for Text Corpora. It welcomes information and
questions about text corpora such as availability, aspects of compiling
and using corpora, software, tagging, parsing, and bibliography. To be
added to the list, send a message to corpora-request@x400.hd.uib.no.
Contributions should be sent to corpora@x400.hd.uib.no.
---------------------------------------------------------------- Subject:
[4-6] List of Smalltalk implementations.
Little Smalltalk -- Tim Budd's version of Smalltalk cs.orst.edu:
/pub/budd/small.v3.tar
GNU Smalltalk prep.ai.mit.edu:/pub/gnu/smalltalk-1.1.1.tar.Z
----------------------------------------------------------------